| Based on the mechanism of flame retardant, mixing varieties of flame-retardant fibers and using the synergies between different fibers, that is the basic ideas of producing of flame-retardant fabric for high performance. It includes two aspects. On one hand, it is the technology of study for fabric flame retardant test evaluation. On the other hand, it is the study of different fiber flame retardant synergistic effect after mixing.Textiles, including fabric and fiber, had complex behaviors in the burning of fire. The traditional test methods including horizontal and vertical burning method, limited oxygen index method, surface combustion and combustion chamber methods can’t fully describe the combustion performance of textiles. Cone Calorimeter(Cone for short), is able to simulate the combustion behaviors of materials, and it has a lot of help for the study of flame retardant performance and mechanism. Directly applies of CONE on fiber samples’ flame retardant tests can save spinning, weaving, finishing, and printing process, which is of great significance for establishing the rapid flame retardant of textiles evaluation method, shortening the development cycle and saving research costs. This passage explores CONE test conditions of fabrics and fibers, improves the testing tool of fiber samples, and explores the relationship between the test data of the same fiber and its fabric. The work provides reference to development of rapid fire retardant test technology for textiles.Flame retardant fibers can be divided into natural flame retardant fibers and synthetic fibers. Natural flame retardant fibers such as cotton, wool and so on, are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, such as flame retardant elements. Synthetic flame-retardant fibers such as aramid fibers, flame retardant polyesters and viscoses, are made of essential flame retardants composition structures or were treated with flame retardant agents.There are mixed synergies of different flame retardant fibers. Such as polyester-cotton blended fabrics which had lower flame retardancy after blending. Nitrile-chlorofibre and cotton can improve the mixed fabrics in flame retardancy, etc. The synergy effect and mechanism are complex, which need been further studied. This passage selected three kinds of mixed system fiber assemble samples to analysis the combustion properties, thermal properties and morphology characteristics by LOI, CONE, TG, SEM tests, which are flame retardant polyester/cotton, flame retardant polyester/viscose, aramid/ vinylon /flame retardant viscose. On the basis of the analysis, the synergy effect and its mechanism of different system are further studied.The results show that:1. When we used CONE as testing instruments, on the judgment of test data stability, three layers, diagonal sewing sample preparation, under the condition of the thermal power of 35 kw/m2 testing are suitable for fabric samples as conditions.Embedded placed in suitable for carding, wire diameter in 0.8 mm, the grid number 7 x7 constructed over barbed wire are suitable for fiber samples as conditions.2. Research of pure fiber assembly and the same fabric shows that the CONE has good correlation on test data. Research of blended fiber assembly shows the same result. So CONE tecnology can be used as a rapid fire retardant test evaluation tool of fiber assembly.3. The flame retardant terylene(FT for short) /cotton(C for short) system has negative flame retardant synergistic effect. CONE and the LOI tests showed that when the proportion of sample is 65 FT / 35 C, flame retardancy is the worst. CONE, TG and SEM studies showed that synergy is mainly derived from carbon of cotton after combustion skeleton with FT molten droplets between phase interactions.4. When flame retardant viscose instead of cotton, it form a system of flame retardant terylene/viscose system. CONE and LOI tests showed that after the FR replacing cotton, the mixed system has been improved in flame retardancy. CONE, TG and SEM study showed that the contractile properties and complete combustion of FR weakened the interaction with the polyester coacervate. The FT/FR system has a good development potential for flame retardant fabrics.5. The aramid/vinylon/flame retardant viscose system has positive flame retardant synergistic effect. CONE and the LOI tests showed that when the ratio of A/V/FR for 60/20/20, the flame retardancy is best. CONE, TG and SEM studies showed that synergy is mainly due to the interaction between aramid fiber and FR, which promotes the formation of dense carbon layer, effectively to reduce the volatility of pyrolysis products and finally to make materials better in flame retardancy. |
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