The Study On Ecological Security Of Liao River Basin In Jilin Province Based On Catastrophe Theory

Human society is facing a series of unprecedented significant global ecologicalenvironment problems. Ecological security concept proposed due to the high intensityof ecological environment pollution and destruction has caused serious consequences.At present, ecological security is considered to be an important part of nationalsecurity. Studying of ecological security is the current topic of resource sustainableutilization research. Ecological security is the core and foundation of the sustainabledevelopment. Ecological security status has great significance for social andeconomic development and the sustainable utilization of resources of a nation or aregion. However, the study of ecological security has been paid more attention to theecological security status of regional. There is little study on ecological security ofbasin, especially for a basin which flow distribution don’t mean in alpine as a fragileecological area. As the complexity and particularity of basin, ecological securitywill have a greater impact on the healthy development of economy and society.The study was supported by my tutor’s National Water Pollution Control andManagement of Science and Technology Major Projects—Liaohe basin waterpollution comprehensive treatment technology integration and engineeringdemonstration project.This paper, which chose the Liaohe basin of Jilin province asthe research object, through the combination of the technology of3S and thenumerical simulation environmental technology,built a set of ecological securitycatastrophe progression model of Liaohe basin and studied the ecological securitysituation and its spatial distribution and temporal evolution of the river basin in theyear of1989，1996，2000,2008and2012with the help of multitemporal remotesensing data and statistical data of Economic, social, environmental and agriculturalnon-point source pollution situation. Forecasted the basic data of the start and the endof during the thirteen five year plan, studied the ecological security situation andits spatial distribution and temporal evolution of the river basin in the year between2016and2020.The study on ecological security level of Liaohe basin of Jilin Province based onamong driving force index, pressure index and status index showed that driving force index almost presented the downward trend and spatial pattern showed a trend ofgradually improving from upstream to downstream from1989to2012.The ecologicalenvironment pressure index was higher except for Siping City. It has been in a severestate of alert, and reached moderate alert status only in1989. Spatial pattern of theecological environment pressure showed that the upstream turned better year by year,the midstream of Zhao Sutai River and Tiao Zi River developed to the direction ofdeterioration, the downstream changed fluctuation for the better. The ecologicalenvironment was fragile, the whole regional ecological environment state index waslower. The ecological environment status index reached batter state amongShuangliao City in1989, Yitong County in1996and Siping City in2012. Spatialpattern of the ecological environment state showed that the upstream was overall poor,the midstream and downstream worse at first then turned to better. We should takesome corresponding measures to improve the ecological environment state, as thefragile situation of ecological environment state wasn’t very encouraging. Theresearch unit almost reached moderate alert state and the severe alert state because ofthe lack of ecological environment response measures. Only Siping City was alwaysin better state and Gongzhuling City reached the early warning state in2012.Spatialpattern of the ecological environment response showed that from Siping City as thecenter to the rest of the research unit got even worse.The ecological security index of Liaohe basin of Jilin province changed a littlefrom1989to2012. It was well as a whole and reached0.831~0.939in2012.Shuangliao City was in better grade. Lishu County, Gongzhuling City, Siping Cityand Liaoyuan City were in warm grade. But Yitong County was in moderate alertgrade which service functions of ecosystem destroyed greatly. We should pay muchattention to the local ecological environment and take more response measures toimprove its ecological security levels in order to promote the harmony betweeneconomy and society development. Spatial pattern of the ecological security showedthat ecological security deterioration was serious of the upstream. Ecological securitystatus of Yitong Country in the midstream deterioration seriously.AmongGongzhuling City, Lishu Country and Siping City were in the same grade and turnedless better.The downstream has been turned better.The ecological security level general distributed that the ecological security index was the lowest and the largestdecline at the origin area of the basin and increased gradually from the midstream tothe downstream.To predict the ecological security of basin in2016and2010using grey model (1,1) found that the ecological security level generally and index was from0.838to0.923in2016. The basin was divided into six research unit. One research unit will bein better grade, four research unit will reach the medium level of warn grade, butLiaoyuan City will be in the moderate alert state grimly. Ecological security indexwill be from0.847to0.927and change little than2016. Two research unit will be inbetter grade, three research unit will reach the warn grade, Liaoyuan City will be theworst research unit still in the moderate alert state. It will be also pay much attentionto ecological security, even though the ecological security index higher than in2016.This article made a general analysis of ecological environment, economy andsociety of Liaohe basin of Jilin Province. The author made a comprehensive scientificassessment the ecological security and predicted its changes during the Thirteenthfive-year plans. The article was a meaningful exploration in the practical researchecological security of basin. The article explored for further study on ecologicalsecurity of basin and provided reference for scientific research method of ecologicalsecurity of basin in order to promote the sustainable development of basin.