Study On Reaction Mechanism Of Normalized Water Diversion In Xianghai Wetland

Wetland ecosystem is the complex ecological system which has multiple uniquefeatures in the earth and plays an important role in maintaining ecological balance.Water is one of the most important factors to maintain wetland ecological structurestability. As an important measure of wetland ecological restoration, water diversionhas always been the focus of scholars both at home and abroad. Xianghai wetland isthe important wetland which has been listed in the " International Important WetlandProtectorate ". In recent years, Xianghai wetland has been facing the threat of droughtbecause of the impact of human activities and climate change. In order to rescue theXianghai wetland ecosystem, the authorities have conducted emergency waterdiversions twice in2004and2011respectively. However, that two emergency repairsthe behavior only temporarily rescued the wetland ecosystem and doesn’tchange the water scarcity situation fundamentally. This study builds a normalizedwater diversion mechanism with long-term effect protection, make water diversiontransfer from emergency actions to normalized actions, so that fundamentally solvethe water scarcity situation of Xianghai wetland fundamentally.Firstly, with the practice and research status of water diversion project andecological water diversion all over the world, comparing the advantages anddisadvantages of two kinds of water diversion form, this study puts forward tobuilding a normalized water diversion mechanism with both advantages and definethe connotation of normalized water diversion, that is water diversion actionsroutinization, water diversion process normalization and water diversion functionlong-acting effect. For the large water loss, environment and economic impact and unsatisfied effects in Xianghai wetland emergency water diversions wetland,combined with the possibility of information achievement lag and reaction lag inpractice, this paper put forward to building normalized water diversion reactionmechanism on the basis of straightening out management organization, ecologicalenvironment information and scientific decision-making. According to theconnotation of normalized water diversion and characteristics of reaction mechanism,this study propose the main design thinking of normalized water diversion reactionmechanism, with which describes system structure of the four main parts, that ismonitoring system, analysis system, decision system and management system. Then,build the Xianghai wetland normalized water diversion reaction mechanism accordingto the actual condition of Xianghai wetland, set the starting conditions of reactionmechanism which contain wetland hydrological year judgment, the condition ofwetland water requirement, wetland water ecological health status evaluation, waterquantity judgment of contributing regions, economic feasibility evaluation etc.,determine the starting conditions limit value and conditions characterization anddescribe operation process of analysis system in reaction mechanism.Finally, with related data of Xianghai wetland, simulate the normalized waterdiversion reaction mechanism. Simulate conditional water diversion in medianhydrological year and unconditional water diversion in median hydrological year andtest whether the reaction mechanism is rational. The results show that, unconditionalwater diversion should be started in2003with the diverting water of2.4032×108m3,of which0.4932108m3should be supplied by Taoer river and1.91×108m3should besupplied by Chaersen reservoir; conditional water diversion should be started in2000with the diverting water of3.2018×108m3, of which3.148108m3should be suppliedby Taoer river and0.0538×108m3should be supplied by Chaersen reservoir. Twoexamples prove that operability of the reaction mechanism is strong.Building normalized water diversion reaction mechanism provides a newthinking of ecological protection in Xianghai wetland. It is beneficial to long-term protection of wetland ecological protection and be a reference for wetland waterdiversion all over the world. In the future, it is suggested to establish a perfectinformation system and guarantee the reaction mechanism more scientific andaccurate.