The Effect Of Typical Additives On The Basis Performance Of Ammonium Nitrate

In order to study the effect of typical additives on the basis performance of ammonium nitrate, NaCl, KCl and NH4H2PO4 were added into AN by mechanical mixing process and solution mixing process to made different modified AN. The crystal changes、thermal stability and explosive properties of modified AN were studied by using the XRD, DSC and experiments of the detonation velocity.The results of XRD indicated that, under normal temperature and pressure, the lattice parameters of modified AN that prepared by the solution mixing process were a=4.928、 b=5.438 and c=5.732、a=7.677、b=5.821 and c=7.140 or a=4.928、b=5.438 and c=5.732, for the mechanical mixing process, the lattice parameters were a=5.724、b=5.455 and c=4.945, the results of mechanical mixing process were same with pure AN, the results showed the solution mixing method is the important parameter to affect the crystal structure of AN; In the DSC thermal test, for solution mixing process, the initial reaction temperature was increased from 202.31℃ (AN) to 225.30℃ (AN-10% NaCl mixture) and 210.59℃ (AN-10% KCl mixture), the initial reaction temperature was increased to 236.89℃ with the addition of NH4H2PO4 was 20%; For mechanical mixing process, the initial reaction temperature were increased to 215.30℃ (AN-10% NaCl mixture) and 208.24℃ (AN-10% KCl mixture), the initial reaction temperature was increased to 228.84℃ with adding proportion of NH4H2PO4 reached 20%, the DSC results showed that additives can improve the thermal stability of AN, using the solution mixing process to improving the thermal stability is better than the mechanical mixing process. The results of detonation velocity experimental indicated that, for solution mixing process, when the adding proportion of NaCl and KCl was 5%, the detonation velocity was 2004m/s and 1860m/s respectively, with adding proportion reached 10%, the detonation velocity was 1735m/s and 1614m/s, when adding proportion of NH4H2PO4 were 5%,10%,15%and 20%, the detonation velocity was 1889m/s℃006m/s℃2012m/s and 1695m/s respectively; For mechanical mixing process, when adding proportion of NaCl and KCl was 10%, the detonation velocity wasl425m/s and 1591m/s, when the addition of NH4H2PO4 was 15%and 20%, the detonation velocity was 1256m/s and 1188m/s, the detonation results showed that the additives and mixing process different have an important influence on the explosive performance of AN.