| The Tsinling Mountains is the most important giant mountain,It is the zonal distribution from east to west, from the southern of Gansu, it Diego Mountain and Kunlun Mountain boundaries, going to Shaanxi with the junction of Henan,stretching 1,600 hundred kilometers,from north to south ranging dozens of kilometers to 300km, Very large area,It is about 12,000 square kilometers, The Tsinling Mountains are the watershed of Changjiang River and Huanghe River,The Taibai Mountain is the main peak,elevation 3,767m. Dolichus halensis are Coleoptera,Carabidae candle sticks,It is the widespread species of the Tsinling Mountains,that is the good area of studying evolutionary history of Dolichus halensis, It is also the good material to speculate the cause of forming the Tsinling Mountains, This paper manages to look into Phylogeography and population genetic structure, to investigate the evolutionary history of Dolichus halensis in Tsinling Mountains.This paper analyses 141 individuals of Dolichus halensis among 13 geographic populations based on partial mtDNA COI sequence. The total of COI sequence is 685 bp,In the measurement of 141 Dolichus halensis:T accounted for 36.9%,C accounted for 15.1%,A accounted for 31.7%, G accounted for 16.3%, A+T content(68.6%)than G+C(31.4%)content, The total of 685 bp sequences include 84Variable sites,84Variable sites include 62 Parsim-Informative sites and 22 Singleton sites, A total of 37haplotypes were determined and the mean haplotype diversity index H was 0.898, and the haplotype diversity index h among the populations has the range from Shaanxi Shiquan Ying feng 0.000 to Hubei Yunxi Xiangkou 0.962. The mean nucleotide diversity index N was 0.02126, and the nucleotide diversity index N has the range from Shaani Shiquan Yingfeng 0.00000 to Shaaxi Hanzhong Lueyang Xihuaiba 0.03566.The largest genetic distance is Hap21 and Hap36 between the different haplotypes, The genetic distance between them is 0.139,minimum close 0.Constructed phylogenetic relationships among haplotypes based on neighbor joining, maximum parsimongy, maximum likelihood and bayes indicated that all of its haplotypes are divided intoⅠandⅡ,the first branch can be divided into two small sticks of A and B,the results of nest evolution cladogram show that there are two nested phylogenetic relation,that have the same results with the phylogenetic tree, the first nested branch includes all sampling point except Lianghe and Yingfeng of Shiquan county in Shannxi, Hapl is considered ancestral haplotype. The second nested evolution branch includes Gansu Liangdang Lingguandian, Gansu Liangdang Yangdian, Shaanxi Hanzhong Lueyang Xihuaiba, Shaanxi Shiquan Lianghe, Shaanxi Shiquan Yingfeng, Hap30 is considered ancestral haplotype. Integrated nested evolution cladogram and phylogenetic analysis of results, In the collected samples, The origin of Dolichus halensis shoud be in Gansu Liangdang Yangdian, spreading eastward after origin, forming a smaller geographical group when spread eastward in Shiquan Yingfeng and Lianghe, formed unique local current distribution pattern of haplotypes after a long bottleneck, which has a relatively further genetic distance from other sampling points。... |
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