Evaluation Studies, Based On Gis In Mountain Geological Disaster Risk

Geological Hazards is the geological hazard phenomenon on the people's lives and property safety due to natural or human-induced. Rockfall, slides, mudslides, surfaces collapse, hidden karst collapses, and Sand Liquefaction are the main form of Beijing geological disasters. Urban development, population increase, various socio-economic activities and the development of construction projects increase the degree of geological disasters. Beijing is the capital of China, the country's political and cultural centre. Geological disasters such as collapses, landslides, mud-rock flow have occurred continuously and caused widespread concern in society. Risk assessment of geological disasters in supporting the decision-making process has become one of the important tools to meet the prevention and forecast requirements of the geological disaster. Studying geological disasters in Beijing on the characteristics, distribution and risk assessment according to the mountainous areas with GIS technology , contributed to a better understanding of the chance and the development process of the geological disasters in Beijing, in order to carry out disaster prevention mitigation more effectively. There is of great theoretical and practical significance for the protection of the people's life and property safety.Rockfall, slides and landslides on a mountainous region of Beijing for the 10 districts and counties are studied in this paper. They are Yanqing County, Miyun County, Huairou District, Changping District, Pinggu District, Mentougou District, Haidian District, Shijingshan District, Fengtai District and Fangshan District from north to south. The total study area is about 12,878 square kilometers, accounting for 78.6 percent of the city's area. Purpose of the study is the formation of geological disasters from the basic conditions for the analysis of induced conditions, which can identify the most vulnerable to collapse regional slump, mud-rock flows, as well as the probability of occurrence and other geological disasters. Our aim is to judge the probability of the occurrence of geological disasters in Beijing mountain areas in the GIS technical support through the formation of factor analysis of geological disasters and a factor superposition and mathematical statistics, qualitative or quantitative methods with the findings of geological disasters in the field, namely, Risk Assessment of Geological Hazards. The main Research and its main results are as follows:(1)The geological environment conditions and the status of geological disasters in Beijing mountain areas are studied, the analyzing its occurrence and development process. The impact factor of geological disasters in Beijing is distilled on the basis of the common analysis.(2) Beijing risk evaluation index and classification criteria of the geological disasters in mountainous areas are for the initial establishment, including risk assessment of debris flow indicators, classification standards, collapsing slump risk evaluation index, classification standards and geological disasters vulnerability indicators.(3) Extraction techniques and methods of indicators of geological disasters in Beijing mountain are studied. The problems and difficulties on the extraction process were discussed, combining remote sensing and GIS technology to evaluate indicators of maps.(4)Degree of risk of geological disasters in the mountain areas in Beijing is reflected perfectly, With the application of Analytic Hierarchy Process on the mountain of geological disasters for the evaluation.Risk assessment of a preliminary geological disasters in mountainous areas of Beijing is attempted in this paper. The results show that most of the mountains of geological disasters in Beijing risks as low-risk, and high-risk areas are mainly distributed in the central of Huairou and in the northern region of Pinggu.