Intended To The Kong Bee Giant Handle Tetrastichus

Melittobia acasta is a natural enemy for Holitis pyrrhosoma which is an important pollinator for hungrinaness plants in West Erdos especially for Tetraena rnonoglica.The main reason for declining Holitis pyrrhosoma population is their natural enemies.For the sake of protecting Holitis pyrrhosoma and take advantage of Melittobia acasta,we studied the Melittobia acasta.We experimented indoors on the biology of Melittobia acasta,the efficacy of this wasp as a biological control agent against house fly,cues used by Melittobia acasta to assist in host location and the interspecific with pachyneuron rnaculipenis.The main contents and results are as follows:1.Melittobia acasta is the major parasitoid of Hoplitis pyrrhosoma.The results indicate that it can oviposite into the larvae of Hoplitis pyrrhosoma and other larvaes(Stelis franconica,Anthrax spp.,Hemipenthes volutinus.,Trichodes spp.and Anthophora altaica)。At constant temperature(22℃,24℃,26℃,30℃), we obtain the effect of temperature on development time and reproductive ability. The temperature threshold thermal requirement for development from egg to adult were 16.93℃and 617.04 day-degree respectively.From 22℃to30℃,the development time become shorter with the temperature rising.At 24℃,Melittobia acasta can produce the largest amount of egg oviposition,at 30℃Rm of the population is the highest.2.Melittobia acasta Walker is a parasitoid of Musca domestica.The paper studied for the first time the effect of food on the longevity of Melittobia acasta and the relationship between parasitic rate and the age and density of the parasitoid and pupae The results showed that Melittobia acasta feeded with 15%glucose solution had the longest longevity.One Melittobia acasta could be the parasitoid of eight Musca domestica pupae and could reproduce 58 progenies;and 22 progennies would be reproduced on one pupa.With the increase of the age of Melittobia acasta and Musca domestica,the parasitic rate decreased.The relationship between the parasitic rate(Y)and the age of the parasitoid(X)was y=3.36-0.062x-0.045x²,The relationship between the parasitic rate(Y)and the age of the pupa(X)was y=2.50+0.91x-0.34x²;The relationship between the density of Musca domestica and the parasitic rate could be described by Holling Model Na=O.6165TrNo(1+0.6165×0.499 No);and the relationship between the density of Melittobia acasta and the parasitic rate was a=0.4943_p-^0.306. We tested the efficacy of this wasp as a biological control agent against house flies.The mean density of house flies was distinctly suppressed due to Melittobia acasta released.3.Melittobia acasta could hyperparasitoid pachyneuron maculipenis.Different larval ages pachyneuron maculipenis could decrease the development time and increase F1 progenies of Melittobia acasta.Under three density ratios, Melittobia acasta was always the last specie to eclose/emerge and there were significant differences in development duration and wasps progeny(P＜0.05).As density ratio went up,development duration increased,wasps progeny decreased, but no obvious differences occurred to sex ratio.The studies indicated that host parasitized by pachyneuron maculipenis become progressive suitable as the primary parasitoid developed.The sex ratio of hyperparasitoid emerging from all hosts stages was consistently female-biased.Melittobia acasta females could rapidly distinguish between unparasitized host and those parasitized by pachyneuron maculipenis4 Melittobia acasta uses volatile cues to assist in host location.Throng Y-tube and Linear airflow olfactomete,petri dishes methods,these results demonstrated that volites cues emitted by nest plants are more attractive to the Melittobia acasta and thereby promote its effiency of host foraging.the role of wasp vision in host acceptance of the wasp was investigated,but had no effect.5 The role of volatile cues in mediating the location and selection used by Melittobia acasta was investigated using EAG.Using volatile extracts collected by steam distillation from nest plants,a number of active peaks were located by EAG for Melittobia acasta.It indicated that differential attractiveness for Melittobia acasta is partly due to difference in volatile semiochemicals emitted from the nest plants.