Epr State And Multi-polarization Single-photon-based Quantum Secret Sharing

We present two schemes for multiparty quantum secret sharing. One is based on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entangled state, and the other is based on polarization single-photon. In the first scheme, the secret messages are imposed on the auxiliary particles, and the transmitted particles of EPR pairs do not carry any secret messages during the whole process of transmission. After both of the communicators reliably share the EPR entangled states, all the participants can securely share the secret messages of the sender. Because there is no particles that carrying the secret message being transmitted on the quantum channel during the process of transmission, the scheme can efficiently resist the eavesdropper's attack on secret message. In the second scheme, the polarization single-photon are used as information carrier, the sender splits the secret messages into several parts, and distributes each part to a separate information receiver. Before the transmission of the photons, the sender rotates the polarization direction of each photon with a arbitrary angle, which ensures the security of the transmission of the photons. Since the polarization direction of the photon is arbitrary, the scheme can efficiently resist the measure-resend attack, disturbance attack, intercept-and-resend attack, entangle-measure attack.