Describe The Network Of Cooperation And Competition

Physics science has made great progress from Newton classical mechanics, the research field ranges from atomic scale to universe scale. The research has greatly improved people's life. There are many questions that physics has not answered which seem simple but relate to our life. In the so-called"complex"systems, there are many different actors, and the actions of actors are different from each other. So the behavior of such a system may not be the collections of those of the components.Recent years have witnessed an upsurge in the study of complex systems. Many of the systems can be effectively modeled by networks in which the units of the systems are modeled as vertices, and the interactions among the units are modeled concisely as edges (with or without weights) between the vertices. This represents a new framework for building models of complex systems. In recent years, complex network attracts much attention, also develop rapidly. People's interests mainly focus on the topology of the network, spreading on the network, robust of the network, simultaneous of the network, control of the network and so on. From 1998, people realized that the empirical study of the network is important, because it is basic step to further study of the networks. Our group has investigated many systems, what's more, we suggest a generalized cooperation network model, empirical studies match the simulations of the model perfectly.In sociology, dyad is important. It is defined as two components and the relationship between them. In our work, we investigate the dyad in the general cooperate networks.We performed a series of empirical studies of the networks. In order to understand the properties of the dyad, we build a model describing general cooperator networks. The simulation reveals that our model is reasonable. The dyad can be used to understand the efficiency of urban public traffic networks.In most cases, competition and cooperation coexist. For these systems, we would like to use a bipartite graph for the network description. In the graph there are two types of vertices. One of them is called"actors", which are the elements of network taking part in some activities, organizations or events addressed as"acts". The empirical statistical properties without considering weight may describe the competition situation and configuration. The properties with weight considered may describe the competition results and the relationships between the results and the network topological characteristics. As the cases, we investigate the 28th Olympic games network and sale network of the top electronic companies in China. Also, we build a model to understand topology development and weight development.At last, we do some empirical study on CCTV system. And we investigated some other complex systems, such as chain-shop system, car-sale system and NBA system.