Study Of Guizhou Province Seven Bats Spatial Niche And Interspecific Relationships

In this article, the spatial distributing patterns and ifltra-species relationships of seven bats are reported. The study was carried out at Dushan village of Anlong county in Guizhou province. There are 1 5 species of bats at least distributed in this Karst area, meanwhile, seven bats ~vere chose to study, which roosted in same cave-Jiangjiadong cave. Among the seven hats, four species belong to Jlipposideros and Ase/Iiscus of Hipposideridae(JJipposideros armiger Hipposiderospraut. lJi/)1)osickros /cui'ctlu.c, Aselliscus stoliczkanus); two species belong to Rhinolophus of Rhinolophidae(Rhinolophus pearsoni, Rhinolophus hlythi); the another one is A1~yotis fitnhriatus. It is the purpose of study that we want to explain the spatial patterns of local bats community were caused by intra-species competition, not distributed randomly by their echo- frequency. There were three methods to he used, one is the eco-niorphological feature of wing shape of bats, the other one is their echolocation calls, and the last one is the three dimensionality niches of seven bats, such as:foraging height, habitat type, prey type. In this study, there are three competition group, they are Hippo.cideros armiger and Jlipposideros pralti; Hipposideros lari'aiu.c and Rhinolophus J)earso/1iAselli.ccus sioliczkanus and Rhino lophus b/yt hi. Meanwhile, the Mj'ofi.c fimhriaus did not show competition relationship with three groups as mentioned above. According to the studying result, it suggested that not only insectivorous hats rely on echolocation calls to pLIrsuit prey. hut also they can use their e~'esight and passive audition to capture aero insects. That is to say, insectivorous bats can use foraging strategy flexibly, and they could adapt to many habitat types positively. It is the most important reason that they want to cushion the intra-species competition. So we can discuss this problem in two aspects, that means, insectivorous bats take advantage of two ways to settle the challenge that they faced, the first is they widen their niche, the second is they may be a specialist in feeding or use the unique habitat.According to the study, we found Hipposiderids and Rhinolophids depend on ever green broad leaf forest to capture their prey, at the same time. the My'otis/imnbrialu.s can pursuit insects in inan~' types of habitat. In Karst area, the secondary forest had been destroyed by the local people, and the habitats sho~v a lot segments or patches, then because of the limitation of resource, the population of local hats were confined, and the intra-species competition were inevitable to work3oii insectivorous hats. So during the evolution period, there maybe ecological displace between the local hats, for example J-hppo.cideros arniiger and J-Jippo.cidero.c pm/li. the two bats have distinct difference of nose leaf, hut their echolocation calls are very similar.According to this study, we got the following results: 1) the ever green broad leaf forest is the important habitat for insectivorous bats; 2) there are competition relationships among the local bats4community: 3) the insectivorous bats could use ecological tactics flexibly to cushion the pressure of competition. 4) Rhinolophu.c pear.coni sho~vs the special feeding habit in our field studying. it suggests this is a kind of ecological adaption.