Research On Risk Management For Electric Power Enterprises Operation And Maintenance Outsourcing

With the electricity market opening and the process of the investment subject and property right diversification in electric enterprises accelerating, the separation of ownership and management rights of power plant has become a new choice for corporate decision-makers; in order to adapt to the new market environment and win in the increasingly fierce competition, costs reducing becomes an inevitable choice for the electric enterprises, which makes so many electric enterprises generate operation and maintenance outsourcing needs. However, when the operation and maintenance outsourcing has become a new kind of management mode for electric enterprises, important to note that while it creates high yield, the operation and maintenance outsourcing strategy but also gives rise to various risks inevitably. The complex operation and maintenance outsourcing relationship of electric enterprises makes them face a number of risk factors. But research on risk management for electric enterprises operation and maintenance outsourcing is still to be deepened in China's academic field, therefore, how to identify the risk factors of electric enterprises operation and maintenance outsourcing comprehensively, establish a scientific and systemic risk evaluation index system for electric enterprises operation and maintenance outsourcing, then evaluate the risk quantitatively through mathematical models, and control the major risk ("A"kind risk) effectively, have become the urgent needs for academia and businesses.Based on the background above, the risk factors are identified on the basis of theoretical research and actual enterprise research, a set of power enterprise operation and maintenance outsourcing risk evaluation index system is proposed, including 10 first level indicators and 37 second level indicators; at the same time, according to the characteristics of index system, the evaluation method combined with AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is selected, electric enterprises operation and maintenance outsourcing risk assessment mathematical model is built. Finally, according to the results of the division of risk factors, risk response and control programs focusing on the"A"category risk are developed. Research work is demonstrated as follows:Firstly, the concept of electric enterprises operation and maintenance outsourcing is cleared, as a new enterprises management mode, its strengths, weaknesses and industry status quo are analyzed; then the significance, content, and procedures of electric enterprises operation and maintenance outsourcing are studied, to pave the way for the risk identification, risk assessment and risk response right below.Secondly, the main sources of risk of electric enterprises operation and maintenance outsourcing are analyzed according to their particularity, and the views of a number of experts are consulted and summarized by applying the Delphi method, the list of risk of electric enterprises operation and maintenance outsourcing is built, then, in accordance with principle of building a risk assessment indicator system, the list of risks is compared, classified, combined and removed, the final risk evaluation index system is formed, and interpretations of part of indicators are given.Thirdly, the methods of risk assessment are reviewed, and then the combination of the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Comprehensive mathematical Evaluation method is selected as the inherent hierarchy and ambiguity of power enterprises operation and maintenance outsourcing risk indicators. AHP is used to calculate the importance weight for each indicator to the upper level, on this basis, the Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to establish the evaluation matrix and the multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the mathematical model of evaluation is built.Fourthly, the countermeasures for the"A"kind major risk factors are put forward from four points of the risk averse, risk control, risk transfer and risk retention according to the division results of the various sub-factors, which offer practical proposals for power enterprises operation and maintenance outsourcing risk control.Finally, an example is given to show the risk assessment system is feasible and effective.