The Evolution Of The Poor And Lower-middle Peasants' Association Of Shandong And The Construction Of The Rural Society From 1960s To 1970s

From 1960s to 1970s, mass movements of the rural society occurred frequently, driven by the Theory of Class Struggle. The mass movement contributed to the burst of miscellaneous mass organizations. The Poor and Lower-middle peasants' association sprang up throughout the country together with the Movement for the Rectification of Cadre Work Styles and the Readjustment of Communes and the Socialist Education Campaign, and last to after the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CCP Central Committee.The Poor and Lower-middle peasants'association of Shandong is a representative history miniature of numerous organizations in nationwide. It is established and developed gradually together with the Socialist Education Campaign and the Cultural Revolution, exited the stage of history after the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CCP Central Committee. With the development of political situation, it has experienced five phases:Establishment, Confusion and Atrophy, Reorganization and Recovery, great Development, Difficulty and Cancellation. In the history of existence, it has the complete organization system from Province to Production Team and the complete system construction in the Development of Membership, Institutional Setup, Personnel Allocation, Sources and Use of Funds, etc.At that time, the Poor and Lower-middle peasants'association of Shandong was given a lot of rights of activities, was actively involved in many activities of the rural social. Generally speaking, political aspects:assisted propaganda the specific rural policies making by the Party and the Government; Organized the Poor and Lower-middle peasants and masses involved in rural political movements; Made actively propaganda and learned activities of Mao Zedong Thought; Helped cadres of Commune and Production Brigade improve leadership and management. Economic aspects:organized and lead the vast Poor and Lower-middle peasants engaged in collective productive labor, carried out drought relief, learned from dazhai in agriculture and so on; Carried out criticizing to "wind of privatization", "wind of working on one's own" within the economic sphere; Organized some Poor and lower-middle peasants to participate in the management activities of rural commercial units; Social aspects:organized and lead the members and masses to participate in activities of transformming Social Traditions, "eliminate of the four stereotypes, establish four news" as the main content; Carried out the management activities of Rural Primary and Middle School by Poor and Lower-middle peasants, and the establishment activities of management group of Educated Youth; Cared about and helped the production and life of the members and other peasant masses.The Poor and Lower-middle peasants'association of Shandong appeared which has brought the profound influence on the rural society. It is widely participated in various political activities, with the help of "the assistance and the supervisory authority" to cadres of Commune and Production Brigade, which constrained and restricted the political behavior of cadres of Commune and Production Brigade, and formed the influence to the rural society's political authority structure at that time; In under its propaganda and launch, the rural mass widely participated in various political campaigns, which is promoted the rural society's widespread political mobilization and political participation; As the representative of group interests of the Poor and Lower-middle peasants, it appeared to continue to strengthen the rural social class stratification, and to promote the political, economic and other resources to the Poor and Lower-middle peasants class; It has an important role of key leading in agricultural production, criticizing private economy and other activities, which played an important role in maintaining and strengthening the collective economy of Commune; In addition, it is also instilled the Revolutionized Thought into the rural social, such as the Class, the Class Struggle, etc. which is promoted the Ideology, Culture and Custom of rural social to the changes of Class Revolutionization.