Evaluation On Ecosystem Service Value Based On Land Use Structure Change

Land is the carrier of a variety of terrestrial ecosystems. According to the land-use structure and pattern, the land ecosystem's type, size, service functions and value are different. The diversity of the land-using directly affects the types and strength of ecosystem services provided. Based on the regional economic development and geographic characteristics, Chongqing was divided into 4 areas, including an urban, surrounding the urban, southeast district and Northeast district. Consulting the changing data for land-using of Chongqing city from 1997 to2008, the article analyzed the change of the land-using structure and area according to 10 types of land such as arable land, garden, woodland, grassland, other agricultural land, residential independent industrial and mining land, transportation land, water conservancy facilities land, unused land and other land. And the article also calculated the changes in ecosystem service value resulted by that. At last, the article made the following conclusion by analyzing the interaction and relationship among the land-using structure, location and value of ecosystem services.1. The article analyzed the present situation characteristics of the land-use in different regions of Chongqing, then studied its developing model, and analyzed the regular in changing of number, degree and the relative change. The result is that the size of the arable land is decreasing, and the gardening is increasing. The woodland is increasing in a low tendency. However, pasture seems to be smaller. The greatest change in urban areas reached 3.54%. In the developing change of land degree, it affects people greatest in the urban, and then the northeast, surrounding the urban follows, the southeastern is the weakest. In the land-using aspect, the urban is the best one, and then surrounding the urban, the northeast follows, the southeastern is the last. In the developing degree, it develops most in the urban, and then the northeast, surrounding the urban follows, the southeastern is the last.2. Using the landscape ecology in the structure index of quantitative analytical methods and Weaver-Thomas combination type analysis method to study the land-use structure and location, it revealed the diversity and regular in the distribution. In the Urban Area and the surrounding, the land-use structure diversity index, complexity index, evenness index increased gradually, while the dominance index showing the overall trend of decreasing year by year; in the Northeast District, the diversity index and dominance index both decreased; in the Southeast the dominance index increases. In the whole city, the diversity index decreased. It would not be good for the development of ecological balance.The main reason lies in the unreasonable change of the land-use structure in northeast and southeast. However, the dominance index decreasing trends and the complexity index and evenness index increases. It suggested the land use structure in Chongqing City is developing in positive direction. It can be seen that there are three kinds of land-use mixing types:woodland, arable land and other agricultural land. The surrounding of the city is the same as the whole city. There are two types in the southeast:woodland and arable land. There are four types in the northeast:woodland, arable land, other agricultural land and unused land. The land use structure in the urban can be divided into two periods. Though the number wasn't changed, the types changed from arable land, woodland, other agricultural land and residential independent industrial and mining land to woodland, arable land and other agricultural land.3. The article calculated changing characteristics in the value of ecosystem services with the ecosystem service value assessment method and set up prediction models ecosystem services value in Chongqing through analyzing the interaction and relationship among land-use structure, location and the value of ecosystem services changing by the SPSS software. The urban:The value of ecosystem services from 1997 to 2008 decreases from 10.478 billion yuan in 1997 to 10.0478 billion yuan in 2008. Surrounding the urban:it waves between 1997 and 2008, but fell a bit from 44.7447 billion yuan in 1997 to 44.6525 billion yuan in 2008. The Southeast:it increases from 39.216 billion yuan in 1997 to 39.4346 billion yuan in 2008. It increase the amount of 218.6 million yuan. As the rate of increase greater than the reduced rate, the value of ecosystem services of the whole city increases, from 157.9196 billion yuan in 1997 to 159.5549 billion yuan in 2008. It can be seen that Chongqing the relationship between landscape structure and the value of Ecosystem service is a linear, the diversity and well-distribution of land-use structure, and the increasing index will help improving regional ecosystem service value.At he last part of the article, it made a conclusions:we should restructure and control the size of non-agricultural construction land strictly in the study area, increase the land inputting, improve the extent and intensity of land utilization level; strengthen environmental governance, and promote a virtuous circle of land ecosystem. At the same time, scientifically and accreting field survey, detailed planning of ecosystem service value coefficients; the preparation of a scientific land use planning, land use macro-control measures, can contribute to the sustainable use of land and eco environment of Chongqing.