| The earnings per share (EPS) is one of the most important financial indexes that measure the profitability of the listed company. The calculation and revelation of this index have always been paid attention to by various countries. In the world, after the development of the calculation of EPS in America in 1950s, the developed countries represented by Great Britain and America successively established EPS standard. With the constant development of accounting theory and practice, in order to make the index of EPS has international comparativity, on the basis of joint study by FASB and IASC on the problem of EPS, announcement and standard issued by them have promoted the standardization of EPS effectively, and have been guiding the accounting practice of various countries all the time. In our country, at the beginning of 1994, the Security Regulatory Committee had already started to release the detailed regulation that involving the calculation and revelation of EPS. After going through'Fully Diluted EPS'and'Weighted mean EPS', in recent years, according to the actual conditions of the capital structure of listed company of our country, on the basis of following the regulaton on EPS of International Accounting Standards, the standard of EPS issued by the Finance Ministry begins to bring the calculation and revelation of EPS into the track of internationalized development.However, because the developing history of capital market of our country is relatively short, and is still immature, relevant theoretical foundations that Enterprise Accounting Standards stipulated lack the related practice to verify, some accounting policies often refer to the International Accounting Standards and the relevant convention, so, the Enterprise Accounting Standards of our country still need discussing and improving. As regards the standard of EPS, because the calculation of EPS that this standard stipulated is based on a series of assumed conditions, so, in a situation that the listed company has complicated capital structure, if the assumed conditions adopted are different, which will influence the judgement that if the potential common stock has diluting function, and then influence the calculation of diluted EPS. In addition, the International Accounting Standards doesn't explaining this in detail as well, in view of this, the calculation and revelation of EPS remain need to further standardize.Under this background, on the premise of not violating the relevant regulations about the index of EPS of the International Accounting Standards and Enterprise Accounting Standards of our country, according to different assumed conditions, carrying on discussion and analysis deeply to the calculation of EPS which the listed company of our country under the complicated capital structure——the calculation of EPS under the situations that the listed company issues the single diluted potential common stock (warrants, share option, share repurchase and convertible bond), and the calculation of merged EPS under the situations that the enterprise group composed by parent company and subsidiary company compiles the financial statement. Propose not repurchase computing method, complete repurchase computing method and part repurchase computing methods to the warrant and share option;put forward the method to calculate EPS under different financing modes to share repurchase; propose function judgement method to the convertible bond; propose the function model analysis method and function image analysis method to the calculation of merged EPS. And then expound the view of calculating EPS, expect further improving Enterprise Accounting Standards of our country, enriching the calculation of the EPS with science and rationality, reflect real accounting information more objectively, thus help the accounting information user to understand the business performance, profit-making potency and dividend prospect of the listed company through the index of EPS more clearly, simply and truly. |
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