Study On Countermeasures For Development Of Agricultural Scale Management Of Heilongjiang Province

After reform and opening up, rural family contracted responsibility was implemented progressively, giving vast peasants autonomy right to produce and manage, which made important contribution to solving peasants'feeding problem and to improving peasants'life. But the fragmental production, caused by equally dividing field system led to continuation of petty farmer production. However, this kind of petty farmer production repelled mechanization and scientific technology, having severely restricted further development of our national agriculture.Heilongjiang province was the biggest commodity grain production base, with 11.18 mu per-capita average,8 times that of the whole country. So it had congenital advantage to carry out agricultural scale management. However, equally dividing field was still the main feature of Heilongjiang's agriculture. Comparing with developed countries and areas, Heilongjiang's agriculture still belonged to traditional petty farmer management. Agriculture production stayed at traditional period too. Only realization of agricultural scale management could we solve problems above.At the beginning this thesis introduced domestic and overseas agricultural development situation, pointing put that scale management was an inexorable trend. Then I commented on domestic and overseas research status, defined agricultural scale management. Then I introduced related theories, as the base to analyze. After that introduced general situation of agricultural scale management of Heilongjiang province and found out existing problems. Meantime factors affecting agricultural scale management were analyzed, providing a bedding foe next step. Then some beneficial enlightenment were given, referring agriculture of America, Japan and Israel. On that basis gave several paths to agricultural scale management. Finally I gave my proposals.Scale management was an inexorable trend of Heilongjiang's agriculture. However, our province was confronted with many problems. Firstly, agricultural population must be reduced, which was the premise of agricultural scale management. Although migration of Heilongjiang rural labors was gradually developing, the mode was very elementary because of immense rural population base and low population quality. There was still a long way to go to let transferring labor detach from agriculture and countryside completely. What was more, migration was also limited by household registration system. Secondly, land transference and concentration was the basic path to agricultural scale management. For the strategic position of farmland, national policies played a more important role in it than in other productive factors. However, there were some defects with our farmland policy, with obscure collective rights and definite land property right, which severely affected process of land transference. Thirdly, agriculture development of Heilongjiang can not go without market force. All activities, from allocation of productive factors to sales of agricultural products, needed market to accomplish. So we should take market force into full play. Peasants are dispersed and puny. They needed to be united to have a say and to face extremely competitive market. So we should also promote agricultural organization. Finally, our province's agricultural scientific technology fell behind, investment was insufficient, the framework for scientific and technological renovation was not good enough, service of technology lagged. All of them were pressing for solution. Only with better influx of technology can agricultural modernization and scale be realized.To realize agricultural scale management of Heilongjiang province, we needed common efforts of peasants and government, joint function of market and policy, increasing technological investment to take advantage of modern technique, changing household registration system policy to promote freer and deeper transference of rural labors, changing farmland policy to promote transference and concentration, improving the social security system to encourage peasants leave farmland completely. In a word, multi-policy should be synthesized to guide agricultural scale management.