| Since 1990s the world economy has moved toward the era of knowledge economy day by day. Knowledge, learning and innovation already became the most important element of competition of the globalized economy and knowledge-based economy. As the supporting platform for recruiting, configuring, optimizing production factors and technological learning and innovation, the Economic and Technological Development Zone (ETDZ) has already promoted powerfully the development of regional economy, and has become the urban and regional economic growth, attracted foreign investment and developed high-tech industries as the aggregation. With the ETDZ spanning from the "production base" to "innovation base", it becomes an important foundation to explore the development zone of technological learning and innovation performance and regional differences, in order to promote effectively the technological learning of the ETDZ.New growth theory treats the Professional knowledge, human capital accumulation and technological progress as endogenous variables in economic system. R&D investment and human capital on technological progress mainly reflect the impact of technological learning and innovation performance. On the basis of summing up the research literature, the paper first used the Data Envelope Analysis method (DEA) to calculate the technological learning and innovation achievements of China's 54 ETDZs respectively and also East, Middle and West big regions, and seven big economic regions. Then it inspected various ETDZs of their comprehensive achievements, which was further divided into the scale efficiency and the merely technical efficiency to evaluate their achievements from technology advancement's angle as to the regional difference. But to solve the problem well, Eempirical methods were used in this paper which analyzed various ETDZs' R&D, the human capital, the number of R&D centers in the foreign direct investment and spatial effects to the influence of the technical learning and innovation performance. This paper used the Geographical Weighted Regression model (GWR), a popular empirical method. The GWR model takes into account the spatial effects (spatial autocorrelation and spatial difference), which is one kind of Spatial Varying-Coefficient Regression Model.The result indicated that: the input-output efficiency of China's ETDZ was generally low, the majority of ETDZs was at the relatively invalid condition, simultaneously input-output of ETDZs with higher development level might not be effective, but as for the spatial distribution, efficiency of ETDZs in East China's coastal areas surpassed the central area and particularly the western area. Global spatial autocorrelation demonstrated an obvious spatial autocorrelation between the 54 ETDZs as to the numbers of patents, showing positive autocorrelation or spatial dependence, which reflected a strong spatial concentration. Local spatial autocorrelation analysis also showed that the difference was relatively quite obvious between the estimated values of local parameters, which had more obvious spatial dependence. R&D funds disbursement, human capital and the number of foreign R&D centers were the important factors of the ETDZ technological learning and innovation delivers. Factors positively correlated to the number of patents including R&D funds disbursement, the number of foreign R&D centers, as well as the ratio of workers received college education to the overall practitioners in the employment area, all of which promoted the ETDZ technological learning and innovation. But both population with mid-level and above job titles in the employment area and the number of annual college students per million inversely correlate to the number of patents, which had hindered the ETDZ technological learning and innovation. Finally, according to the empirical results, related policy was proposed to reduce the technological gap between inter-ETDZs and inter-regionals respectively. |
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