Research On The Influence Of Tourism On The Ecological Environment In Penglai Cave

With the great tourist upsurge's coming, exploiting tourist cave has become vigorous in the whole world. Every exploited tourist cave, however, has suffered a lot because of the lack of protecting consciousness and credible safeguard, which leaded tourist cave to the vicious road that when a tourist cave was exploited, it was destroyed soon.Penglai cave, exploited in 1982, lies in Shi tai county, Anhui province. Its crystal-clear sightseeing's brilliance existed no longer for the weathering, eroding and polluting in the cave. The main results about the natural environment system of Penglai cave in Shitai, Anhui province observed from 2006-2007's are discussed in this paper.The research employed some environmental factors, including temperature, humidity ,density of CO2, wind speeds and illumination intensity caused by exploitation. Ten monitoring sites were setup inside the Penglai cave ,the comparison sites inside and outside of the cave, the basic change rule of these indexes in the high and low tour seasons were analyzed. seek the destroy mechanism to the speleothem sightseeing in the cave, and explore the protecting countermeasures.The testing result shows that CO2 content of the cave atmosphere are influenced by the visitor flow,the configuration of the cave,wind speed,CO2 content of environment , the average CO2 concentration of the air is relatively high in the cave, which is 721ppm higher than the air in the out, the highest record of the density in Penglai Cave is 6000ppm; Compared with the outside, the temperature in the cave is relative stable, but it is not constant. The temperature fluctuates around a medium value by the effect of natural factors in the cave. The temperature of the cave are important effected by the visitor flow,the configuration of the cave,the climate of outside,the lighting system in the cave, the results indicate that in the cave, the space and season heterogeneity exists in the temperature shift ;Penglai cave is a typical dry cave, the humidity in it is relative low, the medium value is about 81%. The variation of humidity is obvious, the seasonal diversity is very humidity, high in spring and low in winter; The movement of the air which mainly arise from the difference in temperature between the inside and outside of the cave is slow, it is affected by the seasonal factors in a certain extent. The illumination intensity of the lamplight system in the cave is on the high side, the lightloving plant has appeared, so the measures must be adopted to control it. so the lamp-house with low or medium illumination intensity should be used.The rising temperature in the cave, the lamp-light's toasting and the convictive air made the humidity of the whole or part of the cave descend, which made the speleothem sightseeing dry, cracked and weathering. The acid air from the outer and the highly dense CO2 would cause acid erode action to the speleothem sightseeing with water vapor. The existence of lamp-light offered a good chance for the lightloving plant to grow up, thus a lot of bryophyte covered the speleothem sightseeing. The dust of atmosphere deposited in the cave when the environment in the cave was very wet, which made the polluted surface dark and no luster. In view of the destroy caused by exploiting, the paper employed the protecting measures, such as macroscopic eclogy protecting, the space environment protecting, reducing the temperature of solution, increasing the wet and getting rid of CO2. Through taking these multiple protection measures, the sight in the cave can be avoided the damage and the health of the tourists can be guaranteed effectively, so the sustainable exploitation of the cave tourism resource can be realized.