The Research On Tourism Ecological Footprint Of The Kongshan White Cloud Cave Scenic Spot

Tourism ecological footprint is an important tool to measure tourism sustainable development. The booming tourism caused the destruction of the ecological resources. The research on developing eco-tourism scientifically and evaluating the effect to ecosystem which caused by tourism development in The Kongshan White Cloud Cave scenic spot is still empty.By analyzing the related domestic papers on TEF, this thesis finds that many scholars focused on the theory and model of TEF, empirical research of TEF and dynamic analysis on TEF, and the trends and existing problems are also investigated. Thus theoretical basis is provided for future research. The original TEF model only focus on transportation, accommodation, catering, entertainment,shopping and visiting. Considering the actual situation in the scenic spot, we find that travel garbage is always ignored, so the thesis adds the travel garbage model to TEF, making the compute more comprehensive. The thesis makes a detail analysis for the TEF of the Kongshan White Cloud Cave scenic spot from 2007 to 2013. The results of the research are as follows:(1)From the composition of TEF of The Kongshan White Cloud Cave scenic spot, tourist communications account for the largest proportion, which is an average of 77.53% in the seven years; Tourist entertainment account for the smallest proportion in the seven years, which is less than 0.02%. From the composition of productive area, on account of the proportion of tourist communications, tourist catering and shopping, fossil energy land account for the largest proportion in the six types, which is an average of 79.38% in the seven years and plowland account for the second largest proportion.(2)From 2007 to 2013, per capita TEF of The Kongshan White Cloud Cave scenic spot is 7549.631217 hm2, per capita TEF is 22003.29524 hm2, per capita ecological surplus is14453.66402 hm2. With the increase of tourists, the ecological surplus has been decreasing. From 2007 to 2013, the ecological surplus decrease by12.99% and the average ecological surplus decrease by32.4%.Under the current consumption patterns, no more than 1.539 million tourists every year can ensure sustainable development of the scenic.(3)Using data analyzing function of EXCEL, the amounts of travelers forecasted are 617996 people, 654524 people, 693823 people, the TEF forecasted are 9365.144 hm2, 9954.666 hm2, 10589.4 hm2, and the ecological surplus forecasted are 12775.12 hm2, 12252.75 hm2, 11696.1 hm2. Besides an ecological deficit will be incurred for the first time in 2031 and the deficit will be-767.25 hm2.(4)Tourism income footprint of The Kongshan White Cloud Cave scenic spot is 0.0003381 hm2 per yuan in 2007, but it decrease to 0.0002189 hm2 per yuan, which show that resource use efficiency of the scenic is gradually enhanced. Generally speaking, the tourism income footprint is comparatively large and the level of resource use efficiency is not high. So there is great space for tourism benefit to grow.(5)Compared with other scenic spots, we find that per capita TEF of two types of scenic is relatively small. One type is the scenic with small areas, many visitors and great fame. The scenic can not hold too many scenic accommodations, dining, and entertainment facilities, so the spending in these areas is transferred to the outside and the built-up area is also relatively small. The other type is the scenic with great areas, few tourists and short residence time, which is in the primary stage of development. The expenditure in the scenic on catering, accommodation, shopping is relatively little and all types of building facilities are not comprehensively built. In addition, the Kongshan White Cloud Cave scenic spot fit into this category.In conclusion, the scale of the visitors, the consumption condition, the visitors stay time, the scenic area and management and the facilities condition will all affect TEF. To maintain the sustainable development of The Kongshan White Cloud Cave scenic spots, the thesis puts forward constructive comments: making use of the wasteland, regulating the farm tourism inn and protecting the core landscape; developing characteristic vegetarian food and guiding visitors to establish a reasonable diet; Setting uniform environmental buses and improving the energy efficiency; excavating the attractions connotation and promoting the balanced development of the five attractions; strengthening the development of Pecan pendant and other distinctive tourist products to increase product added value, and changing waste into valuable.