| In recent years, the development of tourism produced a huge impact on the social, economic, cultural and environmental of the destinations. The development of tourism may promote the economic, social and cultural development and improve people's quality of life; however, tourism can have negative impacts on quality of life. These can be in the form of crowding, traffic and parking problems, environmental destruction, etc. Through the research and practice, people are starting to realize that if we want to maintain a sustainable tourism development in the destination, reduce the negative impacts, community participation in tourism development is a very good way.This paper on the basis of Social exchange theory, discuss the problems of community participation in tourism. First, reviewed the relevant research results that domestic and foreign scholars had made, mainly including the related content: community participation in tourism development and use of social exchange theory to study community participation in tourism. Secondly, introduced the social exchange theory, including: the social exchange theory, George Homans'Behaviorism exchange theory and Peter Blau'structure exchange theory. Once again, introduced a social exchange process model and the process of exchange and related proposition. Then, take Ancient Commercial City of Hong Jiang as an example; analyze the process of community participation in tourism for a detailed and systematic. Finally put forward a number of the control measures, and make the later research prospects.Through analysis, find that, the social exchange theory has strong explanation to the community participation in tourism, the process of community participation in tourism in line with the basic process of social exchange, in the process that community residents participation in tourism, if they find that earnings are greater than the cost, they will be participation in tourism; if the earnings is less than the cost, not participation. Especially when the earnings are far greater than the cost, their participation will be more active at the same time. Meantime, discuss with the specific cases -- Ancient Commercial City of Hong Jiang, find that the breadth and depth of China's community participation in tourism were not enough, because of the weak sense, lower-level participation and a lack of capacity. At last, put forward some proposals, such as take into account external and internal reward, coordinate costs and benefits, protecte the interests of the exchange of order, and community residents'priority to share tourism receipts, to provide information and reference for a similar community participation in tourism. |
