A Study On The Academic Communities Of Science And Technology Interaction Between China And West During Late Ming And Early Qing Dynasties

The author compares firstly with the context of science's development in China and West during the period of modern age ,and then analyzes respectively the four academic communities—Fang Yizhi community, Wang Xichan community, Mei Wending community ,and Huang Zongxi community——in the view of macroscopic angle and tiny angle ,which take part in the scientific communication between China and West during Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties(17 centuries).The analytical contents have the following aspects: l)the common organization characteristics of communities;2)academic interaction among communities; 3)contributive knowledge of communities; 4)common attitude toward western knowledge. In addition,the contents also have the three social and cultural factors during Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties which contribute on the formation of communities, including party and society movement, gradual entry of western knowledge into China,and the trend of pragmatic thought. According to the above analysis, the article then gives more objective evaluation about academic standing and the history influence on the communities. What's more, through studying on the example , the article introspects the process of science development in modern China deeply from the angle of view of interaction between the corpus characteristic of science and science developments. The contents of introspect have the following aspects: the corpus' common value incline to society and the development of science; the organization behavior characteristic of the corpus and the development of science; the academic activity direction of the corpus and development of science.