Research On Causes And Measures Of Town Low And Medium Income Families' Housing Problem

The reform of the housing system, improved the living conditions of most of the residents, but at the same time as the housing society, the increasing commercialization of the residents, mainly through the housing market to solve. In recent years, housing prices are rising, housing expenditures have gone beyond the affordability of the general population, there has been part of the housing problem of residents. This will not only harm the interests of the people, affecting the party and government in the eyes of the status of the people, and will not increase social stability, sustained and rapid economic impact of the development on the construction of a harmonious society have the potential threat. Residents of the housing is a necessity for the survival and development at the same time marketability and social security of the two properties, housing, the settlement relates to the realization of social equity and justice and reform of all the people share the fruits of development.Therefore, to solve the housing issue and the realization of the "Home Ownership" is the government's goal of a public duty is concerned about people's livelihood, a major improvement of the people's livelihood This paper will be the object of the study defined as towns in the problem of housing for low-income families, including the lower-middle-income families and low-income families, families of this part of the total number of urban families 40%. Specifically, four categories of people:First, low-income families. Including allows them, laid-off workers and low-wage families, and in need of special care, such as families of persons with disabilities. Lack of income sources and low incomes, it is very difficult to part with their own families to resolve the housing problem. Second, although some middle-income families already have property rights to housing, but would like to improve their living conditions very difficult; not part of the property rights of middle-income families to rely on their own efforts in the market to buy housing difficulties. Third, it is a short time in employment, income and less savings in the age of marriage and child rearing university graduates and young couples, despite the great development potentials, but it faces high prices, if there is no family assistance, it is difficult to rely on its own to solve the housing problem. Fourth, the new urban population, and flexible employment, such as migrant workers. Therefore, I believe that a sound housing security system should be covered with housing difficulties of low-income families and lower-middle-income urban families and the additional population, according to the different income levels of different housing needs of families to provide different levels of protection.The current housing support the following problems: On the one hand, lower-middle-income families of the missing system to protect the other hand the existing low-income families for the economic and low-cost housing in the room there are many problems in the implementation of the. The application of the economic issues: economic apply neither the economy nor does it apply; supply targets defined broadly, welfare beneficiary groups inverted; year decline in the proportion of development and construction; there rent-seeking and corrupt. The low-cost existing problems: construction of low-rent housing are not enough low-rent housing construction funding shortfall largest low-cost revenue opaque object caused confusion; the lack of an effective and low-cost mechanism for the launch. Economic Housing and low-rent housing system is the cause of the problem is: First, the system design is imperfect, by the construction of the real estate developers could not be guaranteed housing properties and their products unify social security. The policy goals are not allowed. This is because China's current lack of an effective mechanism to measure the income, not the establishment of a personal credit system and the mechanism to declare personal income, personal income source of a lot of stealth income residents unable to statistics, the housing security objects, the identification has brought difficulties. Third, it is imperfect mechanism for coordination of interests. This is because policy-makers and practitioners from the State, local governments, and not the interests of developers coordination. Local governments are economically suitable housing and low-rent housing system for the perpetrators of the system, its construction and lack of initiative. On the one hand, some local governments are financial constraints and a lack of matching funds for construction; on the other hand is due to the economic application of the land for building the administrative allocation of the local government system will reduce revenue, the construction of low-rent housing will be forced to drop prices, it is possible local economic slowdown in the pace of development, local government officials have an adverse impact on performance evaluation. Fourth, it is lack of effective supervision and punishment mechanism. The current economic low-cost housing and the Housing Fraud by Means of Buying charge rent small acts of penalties, unable to deter counterfeiting acts.Housing is a major socio-economic problems, the government of every country with its national conditions, according to the different periods of different housing needs of the housing areas with varying degrees of intervention, to assume the protection of the housing needs of low-income families responsibility. Housing support from the developed countries in the experiences and practices of our perfect play an important role in housing security. Foreign housing security system Enlightenment experience are as follows: First, the Government stressed the leading role of governments to establish and improve housing security system, the citizens will realize the basic right of residence as a manifestation of the government's functions. Secondly, the establishment of specialized agencies responsible for housing construction and management. Third, the legislative attention from the developed countries of the housing system inspection, we can see that the Government attaches great importance to housing security legislation, from the legal point for the housing security provide the basis for the implementation of the policy. Different times and different forms of housing laws and regulations in the building housing security system has played an important role. Fourth, developed countries have already formed a relatively complete system of housing finance. First, we have established for the low-income housing to provide low-interest loans to financial institutions; second is to improve the housing loan guarantee system for providing low-income people in the mortgage loan guarantee system. Fifth, the supply of rental housing to the sale of changes to the building housing security in different periods with different specific situations to adjust.China and the other countries have different national conditions, we should learn from developed countries on the advanced experiences of housing construction, but also from China's actual conditions, and establish and improve housing security system. Improve the housing system to protect the principle: first, should be based on national conditions, taking into account the country's financial ability to pay. Financial capacity to pay is to maintain the sustainability of the housing guarantee basic factors, it is necessary to take full account of the Government's financial capacity to pay, the housing security funds included in the budget. Second, according to the different stages of development, housing and economic development level, there are steps at different levels to solve the housing problem, to establish the level of a hierarchical and means of a wide range of housing security system. Third, correctly handle the relationship between fairness and efficiency. On the one hand, we should give full play to the Government in the housing security system in the building of a leading role to protect the basic living rights of the citizens realize, safeguard social equity and justice. On the other hand, and housing support to the commercialization of housing, social integration and reform, emphasized the role of the market in resource allocation function, housing security measures were designed to make up for the shortcomings and inadequacies of the market. Fourth, the housing security policy that the dynamic. Housing support in the emphasis on the continuity of policy at the same time, but also according to different periods in different specific situations to be adjusted. Address how to improve housing security system, the author proposes the following policy proposals: First, protect the housing needs of low-income families. The first is the application of the economic system, to achieve "bricks and mortar subsidies" to the "poll subsidies," the changes in the realization of economic housing from "sell" to "rent" the change in the low-rent housing system Secondly, the construction of the expansion of low-cost funds sources, the increase in low-cost supply availability. Second, the protection of property rights in low-income families with the demand. The first is for the purchase of low-income families to provide preferential policies, followed by the sound financial system.