Study On Rural Social Endowment Insurance System In China

China, the world's most populous country with a population of 56.1% in rural area isalso an agricultural country. With the influence of dual socio-economic structure, farmers are relatively live in poverty as there is slow pace of development in agricultural productivity. The problems of "Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers" has become the bottleneck for harmonious development of national economy, the primal problem for our country to build a well-off society, the major block to interfere with social development. Since the reform and opening up, agricultural economy has developed towards marketing, socialization and internationalization. With family planning policy and the coming of the peak of aging population, traditional way to provide for the aged is faced with many challenges and socialized way to provide the aged seems to be the natural choice of the day. It is not only a necessary measure to face the above challenge in constructing rural endowment insurance system, but also a pledge to carry out family planning policy, an effective solution to the weak function of family and field. It is not only a significant measure to initiate agricultural market and stimulate domestic demand, but also a supporter to face the challenge of entering WTO, carrying out Green Box Policies. All in all, rural endowment system is a major part of new socialist countryside which can help solve the problems of "Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers", serving as a guarantee to build a well-off society and to construct socialism harmonious society. However, the rural endowment insurance policy has been hobbling with difficulty since it was formally published in 1992 15 years ago, even sometimes the development paused or went downhill. This situation aroused suspicion of feasibility to put forward rural endowment insurance system in China which also caused the swayable in government policy. Despite of all of above, this thesis holds the belief that there is feasibility to put forward rural endowment insurance in China from the aspects of economy, politics, ideas or the comparison with international society. With the deepening of the reform and opening up, there has been an overall development in social economy. Our nation's financial power is increasing, farmers' income is increasing, and our Party Central Committee has putworking emphasis on countryside. As farmers has more and more understanding of social endowment insurance, traditional ideas for providing the aged has been changing.So far, there are not ideal effects to carry out rural social endowment insurance system, and some areas are even in a difficult position. The major reason for these is the default in system designing itself. Social insurance should have been a systematic action for government to interfere with social life to overcome the market malfunction phenomenon as this measure is just to supply needs for this stimulating method by forced bound to carry out it. However, on one hand, current rural social endowment insurance system emphasizes on volunteer insurance principle, on the other hand, it specifies on personal insurance which only considering practical situation of our countryside superficially, while actually it is a dilemma for rural social endowment insurance. As a result, without supplying need to this measure of stimulation and without bound to this measure of restriction, this rural endowment insurance system seems out of the control of government. Meanwhile, without efficiency and safety of county management, it becomes a block for transferred relationship of social endowment insurance. There are some other reasons such as placing undue emphasis on safe fund operation principle makes it difficult to stay or increase in the value of fund and system designing can not keep up with the times, so that farmers' interests are hard to be guaranteed and farmers have not confidence and activity in current social endowment insurance. In the implementation of this system, some certain leaders have not had enough knowledge on the significance of rural endowment insurance. Because they have not taken this as governments' responsibility to provide social endowment insurance, there is not enough driving force in administration. System innovation must be made to extricate from a predicament of rural endowment insurance to explore a new type of system combining reality and future for farmers to be ready to get involved in.In the construction of a new type of rural social endowment insurance system, this thesis tries to design a three-dimensional social endowment insurance system which contains "basic endowment insurance", "supplementary endowment insurance" and " appended endowment insurance" based on the experience and lessons of current rural social endowment insurance, taking into account of the following characteristics of the time: farmers' identification vibration, liquidity and the blending of town and country. This system will suit all levels of farmers, constructing a mode for blending of town and county which is called "social planning with personal account combined". Based on the emphasis on responsibility of government and employers, forced insurance is implemented to build up a standard of dynamic payment for farmers in all parts of the country fitting their expenses and income. By unified policy, management improving and overall planning of levels, provincial management and overall planning in the whole country are realized to improve the fund safety and to solve the problem of transferring in rural social insurance. There is a contradiction that fund increasing demands marketing operation while our capital market is relatively behind the time, a three-step way has to be found to realize marketing operation and unified profits and safety under the conditions available.