Theory And Location Choice Methods Of Foreign Shipping Enterprises' Investment On Port

Shipping enterprises and ports have close relationship. Shipping enterprises can not operate without ports and they also invest most of their capital on ports. Shipping enterprises and ports cooperate fully can achieve a win-win situation, which has become a development trend in the shipping industry. Investment on the ports has also becomes one of the strategic readjustment of shipping enterprises in recent years. Port construction belongs to infrastructure construction. It requires large capital and is hard for port companies to collect. In the past, only the government can invest on the port. Now, government allows other parties to participate in port investment and so investment of Multinational Shipping enterprises is important to port construction. It has not only brought about sufficient capital, raised the level of port infrastructure but also brought a stable goods source. And it will be conducive to enhancing the competitiveness of the port. For the port, attracting shipping enterprises'investment to promote the development of the port is very important.This study is mainly about port investment of shipping enterprises. It studies shipping enterprises'investment on foreign ports and Chinese ports, analyzes actuality of the three ports around Bohai, recalls some related theory of service FDI and location choice. By analyzing the unique features of shipping enterprises and transnational investment approach, it gets that port investment is the main approach among Greenfield Investment, Mergence and Port investment. Analyzes motivation of port investment of multinational shipping enterprises and explains the conditions for port investment of shipping enterprises by using Dunning's OLI theory.This study establishes a model by using qualitative and quantitive analysis. It makes an evaluation index system of location choice on the base of current results, uses AHP to get each factor's weight. Then using the index system to compare the ability of absorbing investment among the three ports around Bohai, and get the conclusion that Qingdao has some advantages compare with Tianjin and Dalian and Tianjin and Dalia has close capacity of absorbing investment of foreign shipping enterprises. This is basically coincide with the current investment status of the three ports. It tests the feasibility of this location choice method and can be used to solve shipping enterprises'transnational investment problem. According to the model, ports can also analyzes their own advantages and disadvantages in absorbing investment and make measures to enhance their Competitiveness. At last it gives several suggestions for Qingdao to absorb more investment from foreign shipping enterprises.