| The water resources crisis is a worldwide problem at present. Along with the speeding-up industrialization and growing population, human being exploit water resources uncontrolled, water environment is getting worse, the shortage and pollution of water is serious gradually. If we don't change the idea and way of using water to realize the sustainable use of water resources, the disaster will be certain. Although China's amount of water resources is abundant, but the shortage of water is universal in different district because of water quality, waste, economic and the other reasons. And the tendency of water shortage is increasingly serious. In order to safeguard the development of the national economic is stable and continues, it is need to strengthen the construction of water-saving society. Jincheng City is located in the northern arid area, which is lack of water resourses.The per capita water resources is only 541m~3, only 1/16 of the world's average level. the contradiction between supply and demand is very conspicuous, Low water carrying capacity have been influent and impede economic and social development.The paper takes Jincheng city as the study area, analysis the condition of ground water and surface water in Jincheng; the degree and structure of water resources utilization; research the supply and demand situation through gray forecast and indicator-scale method.; promulgate the problems of the construction of water-saving society; propose construct measures in management, technology and economical aspect. Main conclusions as follows:(1) Along with rapidly growing of the population and the economic, the demand of the water resources in Jincheng is growing sharply. From 1990 to 2005, the water demand increases 57.1%, which caused originally the lack of the water in Jincheng cityt. At the same time, because of the serious waste and the pollution in water use, intensified water resources crisis restricted it's sustainable development of economy and society.(2) The forecast of water resources supply and demand in Jincheng indicated that, in 2010 the total water demand is 582.22 million m~3: the water demand of urban life will be 31.7242million m~3, the water demand of country life is 24.804 million m~3, the water demand of agricultural is 43.876 million m~3, the water demand of ecology will be 39.993 million m~3/a, the water demand of industrial will be 441.823 million m~3.The water supply is 477.527 million m~3. The gap of demand and supply will be 104.693 million m~3. Therefore, the construction of water-saving society is imperative.(3) According to the principle and goal of the water-saving society construction, as well as the structure of water using and the question exists in the water resources using, the construction of water-saving society includes: a serious of measures on management, economic and technology should be used to increase sewage, storm water, develop mine water. Water-saving industrial system, water-saving farming systems and water-saving cities should be established. Protect the volume and quality of surface water and groundwater. Construct water-saving economic structure..(4) In order to safeguard the construction of water-saving society in Jincheng city ,a serious of measures must be took. Water resources management system should be unified, established and improved. Operating mechanism take water right as it's center should be built. The mechanism of price formation should be established. Legal system of water should be improved and perfected. Rely on the progress of science and technology, information management standard of water resources should be improved. Increase the propaganda training dynamics, and bring water-saving awareness education into universal quality education system. |
PDF Full Text Request