| The festival is the product and the symbol of national history and civilization, the festival customs are cultural phenomena of a comprehensive nature and of holographic information, it besides manifests the change of the objective natural conditions, and the greatly strengthened sequence; In its essential content, it has intensive humanities color. It can be said that, the festival customs is the synthesis displaying of various aspects on people lives, production mode, spiritual belief and so on. But likes the Huangtian Hakkas"Lunar February 2nd Festival", it is the folk custom festival which collects many kinds of functions to a body, such as belief, sociality, the entertainment, the economy and so on. Its folk-custom culture accumulates more deeply.Took the Huangtian Hakkas"Lunar February 2nd Festival"as a case study, by researching the festival's evolution and connotation, discusses its essential significance and the social function, it can helps us to recognize the deep beliefs and plenty cultural connotation, which hide in the conventional folk custom festival, explore the Hakkas people's survival wisdom --- how they deal with the relationship between human and nature, relationship between humans and others, in order to treat festival culture correctly, and appraise it comprehensively.This paper consults a big deal of related documents and carries out field survey. Based on such hard work, it select the sacrifices to the god of the land, the dragon lifts festival and the Hakkas"Lunar February 2nd Festival"in the east of Guangxi as the objects of study. The entrance is the unscrambled content and the origin and development of the festival custom. It uses functional analysis, comparative study and the observation of participation, etc. It integrates other related subjects: folklore and anthropology. Then, analyzes the three objects, which has a whole, systematical comparison research on them. Through comparison, It makes reasonable analysis about the cause, content, characteristic, function of Huangtian Hakkas"Lunar February 2nd Festival"and the Hakkas people's survival wisdom. This article writing, on the basic of analyzing the documents, tries to full use rich folk custom material, furthermore, obtains the first documents through the field survey, in order to complement with the documents mutually, to obtain mutually benefits and inspiration in the viewpoint or the conclusion. This paper comprises three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion.The introduction tells us about the aim, the meaning of this selected and predecessor's related general study situation. It introduces objects and method of study.The main body is composed of five sections. Section 1 take up the origin, development and changes of"Lunar February 2nd Festival".Section 2, also take up the origin, development and evolution, and the changes of Hezhou Hakkas"Lunar February 2nd Festival"and choose the case of field survey-Hezhou Huangtian Hakkas"Lunar February 2nd Festival"as the example to support its arguments. Then, take the on-the-spot field survey material as a foundation, reorganized and analyzed organization, preparation, offering a sacrifice to the God of the land, feast and celebration of Huangtian"Lunar February 2nd Festival", It has unfolded grand occasion of Huangtian"Lunar February 2nd Festival"in detail.Section 3, It takes the Huangtian Hakka"Lunar February 2nd Festival"to compare separately with the North dragon lifts festival and the sacrifices to the god of the land in Guangxi other areas. Through the comparison research, analyzed the reason of the south, north"Lunar February 2nd Festival", why they have formed the difference. Then summarized the festival custom characteristics of Huangtian Hakkas"Lunar February 2nd Festival", which has the nature of showing off, integration and sociality.Section 4, On the basis of analysis of the former sections, elaborated the cultural connotation and the many kinds of social functions of Huangtian"Lunar February 2nd Festival". Section 5, analyzed the forms of"eat festival", sacrificial offering and the content of people daily interpersonal intercourse, which in Huangtian"Lunar February 2nd Festival". It reveals the survival wisdom, how the Hakkas live together with nature, with the ego, and with others, in harmony.Through the research, this paper believed that, the folk custom festival development was a dynamic developing process, during the development, the folk custom festival can carry on the self- accent to be suitable, increase or revises some contents, so that adapt the nature and the society which have already changed . In addition, there are deep beliefs and plenty cultural intension, which hide in the form, the content, the activity of the conventional folk custom festival. We should study how people deal with the relationship between human and nature, relationship between humans and the ego, relationship between humans and others, which manifests in the festival intercourse. Furthermore, explore the survival wisdom, where people live together with the others, the nature and society in harmonious co-existence. |
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