Production Efficiency And Structural Differentiation Of Agriculture In Central China

As the important sector of economic development and the food supplier, agriculture has become one of the main topics in development economics. Even if there are interference from the system and regulation from human beings, agricultural development remains the general trend of the historical progress. It's still the main problem for many developing countries to convert the potential agricultural surplus into the true basis of its sustainable economic growth, and to make agriculture as the source of the economic growth. Agricultural production efficiency and its structural change is a primary measure of agricultural development. Thus the regional agricultural development is observed, which provides analytical framework and perspective for the potential economic growth, providing a wider explanation for agricultural development trends and its influence on economic development. Based on the preceding theory, this paper takes six central provinces in PRC as an example, to study the production efficiency and structural differentiation of agriculture in a stable system corresponding to the variation of regional background or agricultural production structure or both. This thesis is consists of the following five chapters.Chapter 1 mainly introduces the topic's background, significance, data source and its contents. Chapter 2 more details are described about the theoretical framework production efficiency and differentiation of agriculture. Chapter 3 primarily analyzes production efficiency and differentiation of agriculture with the help of mathematical models and GIS technology. Also the origin of the agricultural difference is analyzed. Chapter 4 first discusses the change ability and change direction of regional agricultural structure and differentiation. Then it tests the assumption about the effect of agricultural structure on the production efficiency. Chapter 5 tries to draw a theoretical generalization and strategic perspective on production efficiency and structural differentiation of agriculture.Based on the theory above, the following conclusion comes to light:The sources of the difference of agricultural productivity can be divided into conventional and non-conventional inputs to explain the four forces--regional resources, modem inputs, structural adjustment and adaptive farming conditions, and the other difference of compensation for non-human contingency and system inference. 42% differences in agricultural productivity can be explained by regional resources. Modem inputs accounts for 18%. Structural changes and other incomprehensible factors claim 15%. Adaptive farming conditions accounts for 8%. And 17% can be explained where the compensation is slightly bigger than the residual error.With the passage of time, differences in labor productivity have increased gradually and it is being transferred spatially; both high and low labor productivity grows rapidly. The differences in land productivity decreased gradually in 1990-1995, yet expanded much more intensely in 1995-2000 than in previous stages. Moderate and low productivity region are concentrated and relatively grow relatively slowly; yet space changes are significant in high productivity region. The regional differences in machinery productivity gradually became larger in 1990-2000, yet in 2000-2004 they were relatively reduced, when the spatial patterns of machinery productivity are relatively balanced, with high and low productivity gathering together.According to the production efficiency, the agricultural capabilities on structure conversion within a city are gradually staggered. Regions with low conversion rate are geographically concentrated, in contrast to the dominant position in six central provinces. The main body of agricultural structure is changed from planting to comprehensive development of farming, herding and fishery. The parameters of the change's direction of forestry and fishery are geographically concentrated. Just as the assumption about the problem, this thesis verifies the effect of agricultural structure and regional background. The Improvement on the capabilities of agricultural structural conversion boosts labor productivity. To some extent, it can increase land productivity, have little influence on machinery productivity, but there are many differences where the transferring direction differs. Regional background reflects the production efficiency and deviation of agriculture: (1) Arable land and other natural resources have little restraint on production efficiency of agriculture; (2) Economic conditions for certain extent accelerate the deviation of urban productivity; (3) Industrialization have more efficient reaction to the use of complex technology in agricultural production; (4) The living standards of residents affect the factors' productivity. City-rich domain raise labor productivity and have less effect on machinery productivity, Some well-off cities weaken fertilizer contribution rate;(5) With the gap increases between urban and rural consumption level, machinery and fertilizer productivity hover an rise at first then followed by a downward spiral, but fertilizer declines much earlier. At the same time, labor productivity showed an upward spiral trend.From the conclusion above, the author realizes that regional background and structural changes in response to the economic stimulus make it much more comprehensible to understand the source of agricultural growth and deviation of agriculture. The importance of the change of agricultural system for agricultural growth is verified, and a conclusion finally arrives that transforming traditional agricultural pattern is a precondition of transformation-growth for the 6 provinces in central china.