The Flexible Occupation Study On The Unemployment In The Resource Exhausted Cities In The Northeast Area

Northeast is the traditional industrial area with lots of resourceful cities. As the fundamental industrial area, it has lots of state enterprises based on"unit system". As the establishment and enduring development of the market economy system in our country, those enterprises with government's powerful supporting have carried out many reforms in the purpose of establishing modern enterprise system and decreasing workers to increase profits. The serious result of the reform is that lots of their workers become the off-job men from the former"irony payments". Northeast is also an area with lots of resourceful cities which are origin from the natural resource and treat resource exploration as their main industry. There are totally 118 such kinds of cities which takes in 18 percentage in all the cities in our country and about a quarter gathering mainly in the northern area. But the natural resources are very limited. Many of the northern resources cities would run into exhausted resource condition with the further exploration. The exhaustion of natural resource would lead to the exhaustion of industry resource which would directly cause the exhaustion of unemployment. The serious result of which is that lots of worker would become off-job men. So unemployment becomes the most difficult social problem.Under the double pressure of the reducing the staff trimmer and employment decline in the state enterprise reform, how to resolve the reemployments does become a problem. There is a kind of new method beyond the tradition---flexible occupation comes into being. Flexible occupation is the general form of all kinds of employments which are different from the main traditional occupation methods founding on the basis of industrialization and modernization factories system in many aspects including working time, earnings, working sites, social insurance and labor relation. There are kinds of flexible occupation forms including non-full day occupation, short term occupation, dispatch occupation, seasonable ones, part-time occupation, remote occupation, stand-to occupation, contracted ones, independent ones, self-management and family occupation. Not only have the specific methods of the flexible occupation changed, its supporting entity (i.e occupation resource.) is no more the former single industry and which is more is that it searches for all the possible occupation chances form the first, second and third industry.Under the present serious employing tendency, promoting the flexible occupation positively is the effective method to solve the reemployment for the off-job men, the specific exhibition of the scientific developing concept of"rooted with people, complete, cooperative and enduring development", and also the necessary requirement of building the harmony society as well as the specific practice to the Government Suggestion to the Fifteenth Five-year's Programming. At the meantime, promoting the job-off men to reemploy positively is also the necessary requirement for the northeast resourceful cities to finish the industry adjustment and up grading.This essay is mainly based on the domestic flexible occupation theories and the socialists'studies of the reemployment for the job-off men, and it is based on the deeply investments on the situation happening in the residents in Fushun city in the northeast.According to the investments, we find that there are plenty of job-off men, and many of them engage in the flexible occupation with a low human resource ability, which directly result in their difficulty in finding a stable, high-wages job. So they would fall into the stream of the low income and high strength jobs in the labor market. The lack of the social capital is another bad side for their reemployments. If the social capital is rich, it will be helpful for them. During the investigation we find that such kinds of unemployed men own little social capital and they just make use of it limited to the private relationship and they have a comparatively less dependence on the non-ethnic employment service and the employment agency. The low human resource and the lack of social resource cause the service industry becoming the unemployed men's main helper. The serious thing is that they are suffering from the high strength, long working hours and low wages.Speaking from the social guarantee, those men who engage in the flexible occupation have a strong awareness of social insurance. But the low income makes their no ability to be in it. While in the concept of employment, they have adapted the existing jobs and life styles with much unemployment and working experience, and they also show the same feeling in the existed occupation methods. This is autogenesis feeling and it is also the accept ion to the reality and for more it shows their no alternative to the reality. Though they have a totally great change in the concept of employment, and they will not be limited in the traditional mode, most of them have less satisfaction in jobs and life. They just behave to have no alternative and even show strong dissatisfaction.From the herebefore analysis, we could conclude:it is no time to delay that we should establish effective training system to improve those job-off men's personal ability as well as broaden the committee functions to avoid the failure of the resource, meanwhile, perfecting the social guarantee system and developing new ways of employment to encourage them to break away from the obsolete thoughts of waiting ,depending and wanting are at our hand. And all of the measures rely on the establishment and execution of the positive and effective employment policy.According to the value variation of the theory and contents in the society policy cooperating with the flexible traits and existing problems in Fushun city, this essay will focus on the following effective methods to solve the reemployments of the job-off men including developing the committee occupation and technique training based on the government and the market, speeding the developing of the non-profit organization to rebuild the social capital in the committee, providing some favors in the social guarantee and organizing kinds of flexible employment methods.