| â… .Summary and main pointsSince the People Republic of China has been established, Chinese rural public utilities supply has been shortened under the social and economic development way of industrial deviation and city deviation, which directly affected the development of Chinese society and economy, affecting the increase of peasant income, the raising of peasant income level and the balanced development between city and rural .On the basic of overall development of town and country, the theory includes the public utilities theory, economic development theory and balanced development between city and rural. After introducing the present situation, with the advanced experiences of some developed counties, this thesis gives some useful countermeasures.The thesis will involve public utilities theory, economic development theory and overall development of town and country theory in the first part.1.Public utilities theory is the focus of this theory part. Samuelson thinks that Public utilities can be described that product. Any customers'use of it can't reduce other customers'consumption. Because of its special feature, public utilities can't be given by private enterprise by the way of market. Government should become the master. But the government don't know which goods should be given and the amount. There are four patterns. After analyzing these patterns, we can know that the pure public utilities should be given by government; the semi- public utilities can be supplied by not only the government but the private enterprise. The supply of public utilities has related to the public policy, whose purpose is for the country and public group. The government hopes to supply public utilities to improve the social benefit and make good policy.2.There are some relationships between overall development of town and country and economic development theory. The theory of overall development of town and country, whose base is the theory of economic development theory, emphasizes the balance between city and country. This thesis has discussed the course of economic development, focus on the concept of it, and then say something about overall development of town and country.Economic development is not just economic gain, but the concept of economics, society and environment's development. The theory of overall development of town and country is on the basis of economic development theory and the scientific development, which try its best to change the situation that the industry and the agriculture has been separated because of our country's planned economic and"two-part economics".In the second part and the third part, this thesis presents the situation of our country's public utilities, the defect of rural public utilities supply system. Then, introduce the advanced experiences of some developed counties.1.After the economic reform, the rural public utilities are not pleasant. Our country didn't invest so much to rural public utilities, especially the spot needs, which has influenced the economic sustainable development. The structure of rural public utilities supply is not balanced; the burdens to the farmers are too heavy. At this time, the most outstanding problem is the distance between city and rural getting longer and longer, such as the disparity on infrastructure, education, human capital, social security and public sanitation. This thesis analyzes the distance between city and country on the base of some data.2.Because of the defect of rural public utilities supply system, the supply of rural public utilities is not enough. In the third part, this thesis presents the problem and introduces some advanced experiences of some developed counties. Before the economic reform, the rural public utilities supply system is the"from up to down-decision". The government decides the supply. But the country's finance is limited; our government can't give all the public utilities. Rural public utilities supply depends on labor to irrigate, flood proof and so on. After the economic reform, our government has begun to reform in the country, to improve the investment on rural public utilities and control the price of capital goods. But the"from up to down-decision"didn't change, the efficiency of rural public utilities supply is low, and the burdens to the farmers are also too heavy. There are varies causes on the defect of rural public utilities supply system. This thesis emphasizes on the decision system and raising system.3.Compared to other developed countries, our country's rural public utilities supply system is not consummate. This thesis introduces the experiences about America and Korea. Firstly, America is an agriculture country, who has realized the agriculture mechanization only in about 80 years. So we should learn from it. Secondly, Korea is a typical industrialization country, which is near to us. So we can learn its experience easily.At last, this thesis gives some suggestions about rural public utilities supply.1.We should draw on the experience of some developed countries; attach importance to the agriculture and how to make our finance propose more explicit. The government should give farmers more subsidies to improve them income.2. We also should make our rural public utilities supply system perfect. The area of our countryside is large, and the rural public utilities amount needed is too much. So only on the supply by government, the demand is not enough. Because of this, we should create new group who can provide more rural public utilities; broaden the way of providing rural public utilities; decrease the burden of farmers; change the tax system; reform the purpose of rural public utilities supply system; establish new rural public utilities supply system.3.At the same time, our government and some social group should supervise the rural public utilities supply. â…¡.Main contribution of the thesis1.In this thesis, economic development theory and the overall development of town and country theory are the theory basis, and present the rural public utilities supply and its influence to overall development of town and country.2.Some developed countries'experience is useful to us. Our country is an agriculture country. Compared to America and Korea, we have our feature, so we should make suitable system depending on our national conditions to make the rural public utilities supply system more perfect.3.The main contribution in this thesis is the suggestion on making the rural public utilities supply system more perfect. Perfect system is the result of our wisdom. But the perfect system is not enough; we must supervise the rural public utilities supply system. Only in this way, can we balance the development between town and country. |
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