| Ecosystem service total value is one of the important indexes to quantize the ecological effect of land use. As an important industrial city in China, Tangshan city has developed a lot in economy since Reform and Opening. And there was a big growth in population, a big change in land use as well. As it is the time to make the twelfth five-year-plan outline, to quantize the ecosystem service total value of this area provided a basis to plan and use the land resource of Tangshan City properly. Meanwhile it provides a strong support to the ecosystem construction of Tangshan City and plays a significant role in guiding the land use, coordinating development in this area, resource use and environmental protection.This study analyzed the land use change in Tangshan City based on land-use data of 1985, 1995, 2000 and 2008. And for the first time, it evaluated the ecosystem services total value of Tangshan City with research methods of Costanza and Xie Gaodi and so on. And by sensitivity analysis it made a reasonable judgment of the ecosystem services value in Tangshan City, and described in details the changes of ecosystem services value in the past more than twenty years. And it also made a detailed analysis among the relationship of ecological service values changes, land use and social economy. Finally, it made a proposal of strategy to improve the value of ecosystem services. The result indicates:(1)From 1985 to 2008, the land use changed significantly in Tangshan City.Of the four periods researched, there was a biggest change of land use in 1995. And relatively the changes in the other three periods are smaller. Arable land is the main land-use type of Tangshan City and the area did not changed so much during the study period. Construction land was keeping increasing and totally increased by 19.36 percent. Unused land decreased greatly and lost totally 417 square km, most of which was changed to arable land. During the three research periods, land use from 1995 to 2000 got the biggest variable rate. It means during this period there was a big change in land use. The composite indexes of land use are keeping increasing during all four periods. Composite index variable rate is bigger than zero. That means Tangshan is still in the developing period. From land use shift matrix we can see that the land use type changed a lot, up to 19.36 percents of the total area.(2)The tend of Tangshans ecosystem service total value change during the last 23 years is, go up first and then go down, then go up a little bit. According to the sensitive analysis of Tangshans ecosystem service total value, the result is reliable. The average ecosystem service total value of the four periods researched is 6.95 billion CNY. The values of the three periods are equal--stable and increased a little bit, while it of 1995 is an exception. Among all land use types, arable land, forest land and water land get the most of ecosystem service value. The ecosystem value of 1995 is the highest, around 1 billion CNY higher than these of the other three periods. It resulted from the afforestation efforts in 1995.(3)The average ecosystem value of Tangshan City decreased from 1985 to 2008Social economy of Tangshan city developed greatly during the period studied. Ecosystem service total value did not change so much, however. As the population in Tangshan City increased, average ecosystem service value decreased sharply. Average ecosystem benefit decreased from 1094.18CNY of 1985 to 926.23CNY of 2008, 15.4 percent totally. |
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