Harmonious Financial Resource Allocation Based On The Background Of Balancing Urban And Rural Areas

Based on the implementation of strategy of urbanization bias, since reform and opening-up, this article tried to rethink the economy gap between urban and rural areas, especially in the financial resource aspect. According to the existing conclusions we put forward that:1,Finance is the social wealth claims which dependent on the specific guarantee system (financial system), special carrier (financial goods). It is also a kind of social resources with a character of special, endogenic economy, quantity (monetary and capital) accumulated and function accumulated. Besides the natural property as general resource, "Financial resources" still have a social property which can allocate other resources.So it plays the global decisive role in economic development. Here we will divide the general "financial resources" into four categories:fund, capital resources; financial goods resources; financial institutions, financial organization and personnel resources; financial system resource.2,"Harmonious allocation" means that, based on the respecting of objective laws, seizing the mutual relationship between urban finance and rural finance, urban-rural financial systems and urban-rural economic and social systems, through rational collaboration of government with the market, take comprehensively various tools, methods, in order to get the overall objective which refers to the continued and good development between urban finance system,economic and social systems (UFESS), rural finance,economic and social systems (RFESS), and the internal parts of the two systems(UFESS and RFESS).3,The harmonious allocative mechanism of financial resources between urban and rural areas ask for several key points as follow:start from three big system—social system, economic system and financial system, and four small system—urban financial system, rural finance system, urban economy system and rural economy system; concentrate on the construction of financial resource "origin", "tube canal", "pump" (dynamic mechanism) and macroscopic and microscopic environment.Through the pool model which with constant coefficient and fixed influence, use the grey correlation method, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), factor analysis, comprehensive index rating method and investigation questionnaire method, this article empirically researched the situation of urban and rural financial resources allocation which set the 40 districts/counties of ChongQing as samples, and finally obtained the following main conclusions:1,Rural residents with relatively lower financial consciousness and financial demand levels will generate a unfavorable external development financial environment to rural finance development. Meanwhile, the main financial demand of urban and rural residents is how to meet their basic needs, such as housing purchase. There's no doubt about it that it will put forward a higher request to a stable macro economic, financial environment of ChongQing.2,Deposit resource allocation is more effective in urban areas, which plays a positive role in promoting urban economic. As a contrast, in rural areas, the number of financial institutions, the number of financial employees and fiscal expenditure are more effective in the financial resources allocation.3,2007—2009, the average allocative effect of financial resources in both urban and rural areas of ChongQing did not appear fundamental improvement. The possible reason is the restriction of the economic development level and social basic conditions, which cause the efficiency transmission path of financial resources be blocked, so it can't only rely on the type of simple external "blood transfusions" to realize the effect of financial resources in promote economic development and social progress.4,Restriction of urban and rural financial resources allocation of ChongQing can be explained as:the gap between urban and rural areas will affect the effect of financial resources into full play; the difference between economic and social development will affect the transmission of financial resources efficiency; bank financial resource is the main financial factor which affect harmonious allocation of urban and rural financial resources; the bias of bank financial resource to urban areas and the bias of social fiscal financial resources to rural areas has been and will continue to be the financial reason of the widen gap between urban and rural allocative efficiency of financial resources; the gap of the ability of attracted financial resources and self-accumulation weak financial resource efficiency of rural areas;intergovernmental benefit gambling and irrational exploitation of financial resources from financial subjects, increased the unharmonious financial resources allocation of urban and rural areas.Based on the empirical research, we put forward some corresponding proposal about how to harmonize financial resources allocation between urban and rural areas:1,Open the "origin" of financial resources. Concentrate on the exploitation and allocation of bank financial resources; harmonize the structure of all kinds of financial resources; drive the allocation of stock financial resources by the rational allocation of incremental financial resources.2,Dredge and establish newly "tube canal" of financial resources. Encourage private capital into the financial sector, in order to rich the species of financial institutions; face the existing problems of new type of rural financial institutions, and try to provide policy support; clarify the property rights of rural credit cooperatives and development direction, improve operational efficiency and encourage the scientific and reasonable development of rural credit cooperatives; encourage the regional financial institutions to develop, through localization, compensate the "tube canal" blank of local financial resource; moderately increase the proportion of social and bank financial resources, gradually formed this kind of financial resources "tube canal" which give priority to "tangible" financial transmission channels, and set "intangible" governmental allocation of financial resources as the auxiliary; establish and improve the resource price system, through price-signals, use market to guide the rational flow of financial resources between urban and rural areas.3,Optimize the "environment" of financial resources. Build a stable social economic macro efficiency environment; construct differential micro efficiency environment of financial resources; form an open financial system environment; correct the bias financial institution.