| Historically, the ups and downs of the shipping and ocean fleet strength has been regarded as blooms symbol of comprehensive strength and manifesting of international image of a state by the world, especially by the states with the sea. Under the guidance of the principle of gradual liberalization in the WTO, as an important part of international service trade, shipping service also is heading for liberalization. However, due to shipping services directly related to the gain and loss of a country's sovereignty safety and major political and economic benefits, and on sovereignty interest and political and economic factors consideration, all countries set various restrictions on maritime liberalization process. Therefore, even under the trend of shipping services liberalization, many maritime states still stipulate the contents involved in shipping subsidies in the domestic laws and regulations of shipping in order not to let their country's loss of competitiveness.Along with the fast development of the Chinese economy and foreign trade, shipping industry in China have made great achievements, shipping service ability enhanced markedly, a basic system of shipping market have been founded, the status of shipping industry in national economy and international market enhanced remarkably.However, we must also soberly realize that at present our shipping industry faces the increasingly fierce competition, shipping market system is not consummate, and shipping legislation is not perfect. Especially, financial crisis in 2008 cause depression of global shipping, and shocked our shipping industry by huge impact. Shipping industry, port industry and ship manufacturing industry have experienced unprecedented difficult period. Undoubtedly, the national shipping subsidies and supports are very necessary and timely for our shipping industry in trouble. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a set of shipping subsidies system at this time that accords with the WTO relevant provisions, won't cause other countries' anti-subsidy system, can perfect our maritime legislation, and would service in shipping market stably and reliably.Through observed the international communities by synthesis, we could find that except for some traditional shipping powers, such as America, Britain, France, Germany, Japan and Italy, enacted detailed shipping subsidies system which can meet their own national characteristics in their shipping legislations, many developing countries and new-style industrialized countries like India, Korea, Singapore, etc, including China's Taiwan and Hong Kong's shipping legislation also have shipping subsidies rules. But, so far, the regulation about shipping subsidies in our shipping laws is rare, and there are scattered referred in part of administrative regulations or local decrees. Therefore, it is necessary to perfect the shipping subsidies in our shipping legislation for promoting to raise competition ability of China's shipping service and maintaining our political and economic security and interests.This paper positions in shipping subsidies system in the field of our shipping laws and regulations. In this paper, on the basis of researching and analyzing the development situation of our shipping market and the difficulties our shipping industry faced, and combined with carding the current laws and regulations about shipping subsidies that used to adjusting and regulating shipping market, the author proposes the core issue of this paper that what is the deficiency of our current shipping subsidies legislation system. Then the author analyses what the shipping subsidies are, what the value of its existence is, what the management for today's international shipping subsidies are and what the function and meaning of the actual existence of the subsidies from three different angles that political and economic value of shipping subsidies, what the shipping subsidies should be and what the shipping subsidies actually be. The author tries to propose accordance in theoretical and practical, home and abroad for perfecting our shipping subsidies system. Finally on the basis of anglicizing and researching above three content, and combining Chinese shipping industry development status and the deficiencies of our shipping subsidies system, the author try to put forward the suggestion that can perfect our shipping subsidies system.This paper is divided into 7 chapters. The first chapter is an introduction in this paper. It introduces the writing background, significance of research, and the research methods and research content. From the second chapter to the sixth chapter is the main part of this paper, among which, the second chapter raises the core question of this paper, namely through teasing present development situation of our shipping market and the relevant regulations about shipping subsidies, the author try to analyze which insufficiencies in shipping subsidies system of the current shipping regulations has. The third chapter to the fifth chapter is to analyze the core problem in this paper. From three differential angles that the value of shipping subsidies system,the form of shipping subsidies should be that conforms to the WTO relevant rules,and real modalities of shipping subsidies in today's world,the author studies sufficiently the history evolution,function and status of shipping subsidies system,the relations between shipping subsidies and economic development, the value of shipping subsidies, the relevant provisions in SCM agreements and of the GATS subsidies, and relevant laws and regulations on the shipping subsidies of some main shipping states. And then put theory and practice, history and reality statement for chapter 6. The sixth chapter of this article cut in from the necessity of perfecting the shipping subsidies system in our shipping law and regulations, and then proposes the countermeasures and the suggestions for perfecting shipping subsidies system from three aspects that the principles should be followed, the goal should be achieved and the measures should be taken. |
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