| Global warming and the financial crisis are seriously threatening to people’s health and economic growth, in order to alleviate the energy shortage, protect the environmental and keep the economic growing sustainability, it is very urgent to control greenhouse gas emissions. The production activities are highly dependent on fossil fuels. As a result, but desirable output (for example, GDP), undesirable output (all kinds of pollutants, such as carbon dioxide) exists in any production process. Carbon dioxide in is due in large part to burn up fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas), and China is in the period of rapid economic development, the production process use too much natural gas and very few non-fossil fuels (such as water and electricity, nuclear power, wind power and solar energy). In the past three decades, rapid economic growth caused a huge energy consumption and serious environmental pollution. Serious environmental problems caused the wide attention from all walks of life in the world; prompting policy makers find a balance between economic efficiency and environmental efficiency. In this paper,28regions of China is divided into four types by clustering analysis. Then we measure the economic efficiency, the comprehensive efficiency of economy and environment and cost of reducing carbon dioxide emissions based on2000to2011panel data of28provinces in our country.First of all, China is divided into four types by clustering analysis, and the results basically accord with the actual situation of our country. The first type (Tianjin, Shanghai, Beijing):GDP is the highest, production equipment is very advanced, industrial structure is perfect, carbon dioxide emission is lower. The second type (Shanxi, Nei Monggol, Hebei, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Henan, Sichuan, Shandong):GDP is second only to the first type, Industrial output energy and of per unit GDP is lager, carbon dioxide emissions is highest, this type is the focus of the emission reduction. The third type(Jilin, Heilongjiang, Anhui, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Yunnan, Shanxi, Gansu):GDP and carbon dioxide emissions are close to the national average. The fourth type(Qinghai, Ningxia, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Xijiang):GDP is the lowest, Industrial output of per unit GDP is lowest, carbon dioxide emissions is lowest.Secondly, analyze economic efficiency of each region using the traditional DEA model through calculating the maximum expansion ratio in GDP. Results show that economic efficiency of the first and the second type is high, expansion ratio maintained within1. The maximum expansion ratio in GDP of the third type is greater than1occasionally, but no more than2. The maximum expansion ratio of the forth type is greater than1usually, some regions is more than3. Arrange reduction assignment according t o the characteristics of each region. The first type reduces18.71percent of the carbon dioxide a year. The second type reduces21.32percent. The third type reduces13.87percent. The forth type reduces14.86percent. Analyze comprehensive efficiency of economy and environment using the environmental DEA model. Some region appear the phenomenon:"No feasible solution found", we need adjust the model. In the second type, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia undertake the most onerous task, but their GDP expansion ratio is still high. The forth type reduces more carbon dioxide than the third type, but the maximum expansion ratio in GDP of the fourth type is higher than the third type, so the reduction space of the forth type is very considerable.Finally, analyze economic efficiency of each region using the traditional DEA model and environmental DEA model synthetically. The change trend of economic efficiency and comprehensive efficiency of economy and environment is different because of the contradiction of economy and environment.The first type has the advanced industrial structure and production technology, and it reduces carbon dioxide mainly by cutting a lot of desirable output, the cost of reduction is the highest. The second type can improve the technology of production and energy efficiency as its industrial output energy and of per unit GDP is high, its cost of reduction is low although it reduces the most. It is worth noting that the cost of some region is negative. The cost of the forth type is lower than the third type. |
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