Preparation And Characterization Of Tung Oil Derivatives

Tung oil is a kind of special local resources in China and belongs to renewableresources. But its ultilization technology is still poor in our country. This paperexploited new applications of tung oil to release the requirment pressure of theresource. The main work of this theme is as folllows:1. The saponification process of tung oil: optimum process condition ofsaponification reaction was determined by means of single factor experiments andorthogonal tests. The dosage of tung oil, exceed alkali dose, assistant, the total mass is20g,1.2times,20g,100g, respectively. The reaction was performed at65℃for120minutes. Saponificationrate could reach99.54%at the optimum conditions. Then, thekinetics of saponfication process was investigated and a kinetic equation ofsaonfication reaction was found.2. The refining technique of eleostearic acid: firstly, the separation project ofsaponification resultants was ditermined. Then, the relative chemical components oftung oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and thequantitative analysis was carried out by gas chromatography (GC). The total contentsof eleostearic acid and unsaturated acid reached70%and94%, respectively. Thirdly,urea adduction process and low temperature crystallization process were investigatedto refine eleostearic acid. Through urea-adduction, eleostearic acid couldn’t bepurified significantly. In the low temperature crystallization process, the factorseffecting on refinement, such as the type of solvent, the ratio of material to liquid,crystallization temperature and crystallization time, were investigated, then theoptimal conditions were determined by orthogonal experiments. In the case of highpurity desired, the purity and yield of eleostearic acid could reach92.16%and48.53%,respectively. In the case of high yield desired,90.23%and58.64%could be attained,respectively, at the selected process conditions. Lastly, the molecular structure ofeleostearic acid was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and the ultravioletabsorption peak of conjugated triene structure was found by ultravioletspectrophotometer (UV). 3. The modification process of eleostearic acid in emulsion: firstly, the optimumemulsion ingredient and reaction temperature of emulsion polymerization weredetermined. And then in the emulsion polymerization eleostearic acid was used as thecross-linking agent instead of DVB. The results showed that eleostearic acid did nothave obvious cross-link effect on the polymeric monomer. Finally, eleostearic acidsodium salt, which replaced traditional emulsifier, could be used in emulsifying latex.The obtained emulsion showed higher viscosity than that of SDS as emulsifier. Andthe water resistance property of its coating has been improved.4. The sulfonation process of eleostearic acid: firstly, a feasible sulfonationproject was determined, which used water as reaction medium and sodium bisulfite assulphonating agen, accelerated eleostearic acid dissolation in alkaline condition,dropped the sulphonating agen into solution, keeped reaction temperature at80℃, andheld the reaction time for4～6hours. At these conditions, homogeneous yellow phasecontained sulfonate eleostearic acid was obtained. Sulfonate eleostearic acid wasseparated through calcium salt transformation method. By characterization of IR andUV, conjugated triene structure disapeared, which indicated that the double bondparticipated in sulfonation reaction. Lastly, eleostearic acid was identified as a anionicsurfactant by acidic methylene blue test. The critical surface tension of sulfonateeleostearic acid could reach32.1mN/m, measured by a surface tensiometer.