The Ecological Compensation Mechanism Study In Liaoning Coastal Wetland

Liaoning Province is one the provinces where the wetland area is relatively large and ithas generated wetland resource of various types, with its long coastline and30large riversalong the coastline into the Yellow Sea, Bohai Sea. Since2009, When the State Councildiscussed and passed the "Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone Development Plan", and coastaldevelopment of Liaoning was brought into the national strategy, the wetland resources incoastal areas of Liaoning has faced with a lot of pressure of area shrinking, unreasonableexploitation and utilization, etc. Based on this, This paper carried out the economic valueassessment of ecological service function of coastal wetland in Liaoning, taking DandongCity, Dalian City, Yingkou City, Panjin City, Jinzhou city and Huludao City which arelocated in coastal zone of Liaoning as the study area, on the basis of the systematic analysis ofLiaoning coastal wetland resource type, size and spatial distribution. And taking theassessment as the reference basis of wetland ecological compensation standard, the paperconstructed ecological compensation mechanism of Liaoning coastal wetland from the aspectsof principle of wetland ecological compensation, the subject and object of ecologicalcompensation, ecological compensation standard and wetland ecological compensation waysand means. The main conclusions are as follows:（1）The type, area and space distribution of wetland resource in Liaoning coastal zone.Liaoning coastal wetland types mainly includes natural wetland of rivers, lakes, swamps,beaches, beach, saline alkali land, etc; and artificial wetlands of reservoir pond, paddy field,Yantian and aquaculture areas, with the total area of wetland7220.53km2. From aspect of thewetland types, the largest area of the paddy fields was4037.36km2; the smallest area of salinealkali land is only5.72km2. From aspect of the wetland distribution area, wetland area of the6cities along the coast of Liaoning from large to small, Panjin City, Dandong City, YingkouCity, Dalian City, Jinzhou City, Huludao city.（2）The value assessment of the wetland ecosystem service function of Liaoning coastalzone. In2010, the total value of Liaoning coastal wetland ecosystem service function is22270.7million yuan, accounting for12.18%of GDP of Liaoning Province the same year,including the functions of leisure and tourism value of12915.4million yuan, the moistureregulating function value of4111.4million yuan, the function of material production value of2479.9million yuan, wave induced siltation revetment function value of2029.5million yuan, scientific research and cultural function the value of475.4million yuan, climate regulationfunction value of215.3million yuan, pollution purification function value of25million yuan,and18.8million yuan worth of habitat function.（3）Construction of wetland eco-compensation mechanism in Liaoning coastal zone.The principle of wetland ecological compensation of Liaoning coastal zone is generallydominated by the government, adhering to the idea of developers’ compensation, protectors’benefits, inter-regional equity and inter-subjective fair; the subjects of wetland ecologicalcompensation are the local governments at all levels of the6cities,27economic developmentarea, and the Liaoning provincial Environmental Protection Volunteers Association and otherenvironmental protection organization, the objects of wetland ecological compensationincludes the local governments at all levels of the6cities along the coast of Liaoning whichare destroyed,25wetland natural reserve established and the fisherman and residents who livethere; the determination of the wetland ecological compensation standard takes theassessment results of in Liaoning coastal wetland ecosystem service valuation as the reference,with the maximum compensation limited to per capita11089yuan/year, and the minimumcompensation limited to the local rural minimum living standard as the basis, and the standardcould be adjusted according to the local economic development level; the ways of wetlandecological compensation mainly include financial compensation, policies compensation,voluntary donation and intelligence compensation, etc.