Risk Assessment Of Major Oceanic Disasters In Liaoning Coastal Areas

China’s coastal area is one of the few global regions affected by several serious harmmarine disasters. Under global climate change and extreme weather phenomena frequentbackground, threat to marine disasters is also growing. In recent years, China’s rapideconomic development in coastal areas, increasing marine development activities, humanactivities interact with marine system caused by more serious disaster. Therefore, to studycoastal marine disaster risk assessment is particularly important, not only helps to reducedisaster losses, and can provide recommendations for marine disaster risk prevention to someextent.In this paper, as a study area in Liaoning coastal areas, the use of marine disasters andsocio-economic development statistics and data of2000-2012, an analysis of the regionalmarine disasters environmental and disaster bearing pregnant body exposure, in this disasterhazard identification based on factors, presents the main types of disasters. From domesticand foreign marine disaster risk assessment based on the theories and methods, based on theprinciple of formation of natural disaster risk, the use of target system, exposure andvulnerability and disaster prevention and mitigation capacity of4from the hazard risk, hazardbearing body selected aspects of the22evaluation to determine the index weight, to establisha risk evaluation index system was constructed in Liaoning coastal marine disaster riskassessment model using marine disaster risk index method using entropy method. Calculatethe risk factors, and integrated disaster risk index value index temporal and spatial analysisthrough the evaluation model, based on the risk classification criteria, the use of GIS fordisaster risk assessment method, a comprehensive analysis of changes in the level of risk eachtime trends and risk factors and disaster reasons for differences in the spatial distribution ofthe final proposed to reduce the risk of marine disaster countermeasures. The main findingsare as follows:(1) Pregnant marine disasters in the region more complex disaster environment, exposureand vulnerability of potential risk hazard bearing body rising regional marine disasters from2000to2012complex and diverse economic losses caused by disasters continued to rise inthe main types of marine disasters and disaster losses in order as ice disaster, storm surgedisaster, waves disaster, red tides.(2) Risk index showed a slow upward trend in sea ice hazard index for its contribution ofup to73.9%, a low degree of risk in coastal cities; hazard bearing body exposure and vulnerability index showed a significant upward trend in all areas of production indices ofgross and port cargo throughput indices were exposed and the degree of contribution of thehighest vulnerability index, the overall degree of exposure to the municipalities in the middlelevel, and generally high level of vulnerability, Dalian achieve a high level of risk; disasterprevention and mitigation capability index fluctuated upward trend, six cities generally lowlevel of disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities. Comprehensive disaster risk index inthe ocean to rise slowly from2000to2012, trends and risk index showed a significantpositive correlation, the coastal cities of disaster comprehensive high degree of risk, thehighest Dalian, six cities mainly restricted by the vulnerability and exposure of factors.(3) Global warming resulting in Liaoning coastal temperatures gradually reduce theextent of sea ice hazard, thus resulting in low overall risk level of the area, but the major citiessubject to vulnerability and exposure factor, since the recent population growth, socialeconomy, especially the rapid development of marine economy, urban sprawl as a result ofthe degree of vulnerability and exposure duration increases, thus resulting in a higher degreeof risk Liaoning integrated coastal zone, while the cities due to the different levels ofeconomic development has led to a comprehensive municipal risk difference.(4) By strengthening maritime disaster monitoring and early warning, disaster forecastaccuracy and improve the early forecast period, to improve the standard of protection ofcoastal defense works, renovation of existing coastal defense works, reinforcement, andactively carry out disaster prevention legislation and public education, and to strengthencoastal risk management, according to the marine disaster risk zoning map, effective riskaversion, in order to reduce the loss of marine disasters, reducing the risk of maritimedisasters.