Detection And Profiling Of Fatty Acids Of Inner Mongolian Beef And Mutton

A total194round, rib, pure lean meat and fatty tail (Inner Mongolian big tail sheep) of beef and mutton samples were collected from Inner Mongolia, and38meat sample of other animals also gathered for comparative study. Water and fat contents were determined and the descriptive statistical parameters of Inner Mongolian beef and Mutton were evaluated in first. And fatty acids component properties/fingerprint and were profiled according to species, body parts, geographical organ, raising strategy (grazing vs fenced), hay (winter-spring) and pasture (summer-autumn) season etc categories.Fat in mutton is significantly higher than beef; and higher in grassland grazing animals than animals in farming and suburb area, either fat is high in pasturing season than hay season. Water highly negative correlated with fat content, R2=0.94, may increase to0.98when outliers removed; Water contend of Inner Mongolian meats are obviously lower, averaging67.0g/100g (SD=8.0) and62.2g/100g(SD=8.8) for beef and mutton respectively.PCA profiling of fatty acids fingerprint indicate that cattle, sheep, goat, camel and deer samples are closely spotted in overlapping clouds, while they are obviously distinguished from chicken, duck, pig and horse; and there is isolation tendency between cattle and sheep (include goat) in the profiling. In beef and mutton fat SFA is the highest, and followed closely by MUFA, while both are very low with PUFA; SFA, MUFA and PUFA content of beef and mutton (g/100gfat) were47.3:43.1:3.0(16:14:1) and46.5:43.5:3.4(14:13:1) respectively. SFA and MUFA of the ruminants has significant negative correlation, R2=0.87. Among major components of SFA, C16:0in beef is significantly higher, however C18:0is lower than in sheep,p=0.000.Among the animals Inner Mongolian horse has the highest PUFA(33.7g/100gfat, SD=4.1), SFA:MUFA:PUFA=1:0.7:1, and unknown FA (UN) is more than other animals. MUFA of pork, chicken and duck fat are much higher than the ruminants, SFA:MUFA: PUFA were5:6:1,2:2.6:1and2:3:1respectively. SFA of goat, camel and deer meats are higher than beef and mutton successively, while MUFA are lower then the latter.In beef and mutton SFA in fat derived from lean Meat is lower than rib(p<0.05), while PUFA, n-3, n-6, LCPUFA andC18:2n6c are higher in lean meat. SFA and MUFA in fatty tail of inner Mongolian big tail sheep are41.4and50.4(g/100gfat), no over20 carbon LCPUFA were found in this part.Beef and Mutton fatty acids PCA profiling showed isolation tendency between western (farming and suburb area, mainly fenced) and eastern (grassland, grazing) area of Inner Mongolia. Beef LCPUFA (p>0.05) and n-3FA (p<0.05) in grazing season showed higher than hay season. In grazing season MUFA, TFA and UN of mutton is significantly higher than (p<0.05) hay season, and PUFA, LCPUFA, n-6, C18:1n9c and C18:2n6c also showed higher in grazing season, but no statistical significant observed (p<0.05).