Study On The Types And Genesis Of Geoheritage In Hong Kong

Since established the first country park in 1978, this park has gathered rich experence on how to manage and contribute during the past 30 years, finally laid the foundation of the national geopark. In the construction of China national geopark and history of Hong Kong geopark, it is really a landmark that Hong Kong SAR declared national geological park. In promoting the relationships between China and other countries of the world, also in strengthening the connection with other members of worldwide geopark network, this declaration can play a quite unique role.Hong Kong Geopark is located in the east of the Hong Kong SAR of China. Covering 49.86 square kilometers and 8 scenic spots, this park is composed of the northeast New Territories sedimentary rock park and the Sai Kung volcanic rock park. As a comprehensive geopark which combines aesthetic value and science value in one, Hong Kong Geopark has made volcanic geology, sedimentary geology, the islands of coastal erosion physiognomy and geological relics to be primary and natural land scape to be supplementary. After the establishment of Hong Kong Geopark, the important geoheritage and original ecological protection can form a unified whole, as a result, the resources can be protected and utilized more sufficiently.This thesis relies on the“National Geopark in Hong Kong reported”project. Based on the well data collection, we systematically analyzed and summarized the geological characristics of Hong Kong, also depended our understanding towards the geoheritage resources. Hence this research can enforce the integrality and provide geoscience theory bases for establishment and development of geopark.Based on the geological survey in the field, we systematically summarized and categorized Hong Kong’s geoheritage and divided them into five categories, fourteen sub-categories, by making the type of geological process as the main line and relating to the real work. The five categories are as follows: the world class acidic volcanic columnar joint; the different styles of coastal landform; the complete and continuous stratigraphic sections; the complex and varied structure geoheritage; rich and typical sedimentary structures and so on. These summarized the scientific content of geopark in Hong Kong.We make the hexagonal columnar joints that grow in a large-scale in porphyroclastic lavas of Liangchuanwan Fm as the main target. Through contrasting with the other columnar joints of volcanic rocks both in China and abroad, we realize that the landscape which consisted of rhyolitic porphyroclastic lavas of Liangchuanwan Fm in Sai Kung area is infrequent indeed. The formation of columnar joints in this acidic volcanic is complex, this complexity is related to the special paleogeomorphy, paleotopography, and rock chemistrical composition. In conclusion, the formation of columnar joints is a result of many factors’combined action in the lama’s cooling and solidifying.