| The Ebinur Lake Wetland is the climate regulation hub of the Ebinur Lake basin and the whole Northern Xinjiang. The change of the Ebinur Lake Wetland’s ecological environment not only affects the community structure of animals, plants and microorganisms in the wetland, it also brings unneglectable negative effect to human production and living. Due to the sensitivity of microbial changes to the environment, this thesis provides theoretical basis for the ecological environment restoration of Ebinur Wetland Lake by the soil archaea diversity and metabolic activity diversity of three different types of wetlands bird island protection station lake area at Jinghe estuary(SP1, is the type of lake wetland), bird meadow area at Bole estuary( SP2, is the type of river wetland) and beach area at Jinghe saltworks(SP3, is the type of marsh wetland) and response to the environment.The water content in the three sample plots are as follows: SP3(16.44%)>SP2(12.5%)>SP1(9.4%). The p H in SP1 and SP2 were 8.93 and 8.75 respectively, which were both over 8.5, illustrating that the soil in the two sample plots was strong alkaline. The pH of SP3 was 8.06, manifesting that the soil was alkaline. The organic matter content of SP 2 is 20.28g/ Kg. The organic matter content was inadequate in SP1 and SP 2, and it’s 6.89 g/Kg and 5.22 g/Kg respectively. The electric conductivity in soil solution of the three sample plots were 5.51ms/cm, 3.29ms/cm and 4.80ms/cm.By Canco, the relationships among the eight ions were analyzed and the result was Na+> Cl- > k+ > Mg2+ > SO42- > HCO3- > Ca2+ > CO32- in which Na+, Cl-,K+ and Mg2+ were positively correlated to electric conductivity. The water content in SP3 and SP2 bear significant difference with that of SP1. And the p H of SP1 and SP2 are significantly different with that of SP3. The organic matter and salt content of SP2 bears significant difference with SP1 and SP2. There is no significant difference among the three sample plots in electric conductivity.In this study, make the total of DNA in three sample plots as the template, using the Archaea 16 s rDNA universal premers, Arch 21 f and Arch 958 r for PCR. The target fragments were connected and transformed into DH5α. Picking all the positive spots and make a PCR like before. Miking the products segmented and typed by enzyme and different spectrums are randomly chosen to be sequenced. Phylogenetic trees were built to identify the evolutionary relationships among the archaeal sequences. The coverage of the three 16 S rDNA clone libraries were SP1-A(65.57%), SP2-A(69.84%), SP3-A(68.21%). In SP1-A, 71(73.20%) archaea sequences belongs to Euryarchaeota, 9(9.28%) sequences belonged to Thaumarchaeota, there were 17(17.52%) unknown sequences. In SP2-A, 68(58.12%) sequences belonged to Euryarchaeota, 23(19.66%) sequences were Thaumarchaeota, 26(22.22%) unknown sequences. In SP3-A, 89(89.90%) sequences belonged to Euryarchaeota, 2(2.02%) sequences belonged to Thaumarchaeota, 4(4.04%) sequences were Crenarchaeota, 17(17.52%) unknown sequences. The archaea in the three sample plots are diverse, and the prevalent community is Euryarchaeota. Crenarchaeota was found in SP3. Investigate the RDA correlation analysis between the archaeal group and environmental factors. In the three sample plots shows that most known Halobactria in SP1 and SP2 were negatively related to environmental physical and chemical factors(EC、SM、SOM、pH). Halobactria in SP3 were negatively related to SM, SOM and pH, but positively related to EC.Make the total RNA of SP2 and transformed to single cDNA as the template, using the Archaea 16 s rDNA universal premers, Arch 21 f and Arch 958 r for PCR. The target fragments were connected and transformed into DH5α. Picking all the positive spots and make a PCR like before. Miking the products segmented and typed by enzyme and different spectrums are randomly chosen to be sequenced. Phylogenetic trees were built to identify the evolutionary relationships among the archaeal sequences. The coverage of the 16 S rcDNA clone library was 86.46%, there were 24(35.29%) archaea sequences affilied to Euryarchaeota, including 14(20.59%) belonged to Halobacteriaceae and 10(14.71%) belonged to Methanomassiliicoccus. 44(64.71%) sequences were affilied to Thaumarchaeota, 3(4.41%) sequences belonged to Nitrososphaera. Compared the diversity with activity diversity of the archaea in SP2, the diversity and activity diversity are plenty, but most Halobacteriaceae archaea and Methanogens were in low growth. Thaumarchaeota archaea were in a high metabolic activity.There was a high archaea diversity among the three sample site. The proportions of the archaea sequences with uncertain status in the three sample plots were SP1-A(81.44%), SP2-A(85.47%)and SP3-A(59.60%) respectively, showing that there were still lots of unknown upper Paeizoic fungi groups in the soil of Ebinur Wetland. There was a big difference between archaeal diversity and activity diversity. |
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