| Guanzhong Basin is located in arid and semi-arid region of Chian.Because of the limited surface water resources. Its groundwater resources has made a great support for the development of regional economy and maintained the healthy cycle of regional ecosystem. Due to the exhaustive exploitation of groundwater and the lack of attention on pollution, the quality of groundwater in Guanzhong Basin was poor. In order to protect the groundwater scientifically and reasonably, this paper had taken two types of the groundwater source as examples, which are localed in piedmont alluvial-pluvial fan and riverside field, and then choosed different methods to delineat the groundwater protection zones. According to the results estimated by the last two methods, it had got the groundwater protection zones. At last, it proposed the suitable methods on delineating protected area and conservation suggestions for the Guanzhong Basin.On the basis of domestic and international research results, this paper expounded the aims, bases and principles of the classification of groundwater source, and described briefly the five kinds of existed delineation methods and the existed problems. Furthermore it compared the applicable conditions of various methods and analysed their advantages and disadvantages. Considering the groundwater utilization, water quality conditions and the present management situation in Guanzhong Basin, this paper presented the existed problems of the groundwater source delineation in the Guanzhong Basin. So this paper selected two typical groundwater sources to study.Huxian Power Plant groundwater source is located in the middle of Guanzhong Basin and before Qinling Mountains, and it belongs to the piedmont alluvial-pluvial fan type. The quaternary is widely distributed in the aera. The aquifer lithology is dominated with boulder, pebble, sand and gravel. Its aquifer thickness is 10-70 m filled with pore water and the groundwater depth was unmeasured. Combining the formula calculation method with the analytic element method, the area of key protection zones was 0.08km2 and the shape was fanshaped figure.Weinan Northern-Suburb of groundwater source is located in Wei River Plain of eastern Guanzhong Basin, and it belongs to riverside groundwater source type. The quaternary is widely distributed in this aera. The aquifer lithology is dominated with gravel, gravel sand. Its aquifer thickness is 5-80 m filled with alluvial layer pore water, and groundwater depth has changed from 100 m in higher terraces to nearly 0 meter in the floodplain. By using the same way, the area of key protection zones is 0.03km2 and the shape was irregular figure riverside.In order to delineate the protection zones of piedmont alluvial-pluvial fan type in Guanzhong Basin, the key point was to protect the groundwater recharge area. So this paper presented that it should consider the recharge area as a part of protection zone. For the riverside groundwater protection zones, groundwater dynamics were affected by the fluctuation of river, so it also should list the upper river in the protection zones. What’s more the human activity was another factor. If considering more factors, the more reliable results will be got.Considering the current situations and the defects of existing management on groundwater protection in the Guanzhong Basin, some suggestions were proposed to strengthen groundwater protection. Firstly, it should establish a resonable water management system. Secondly, it should establish a monitoring system for groundwater protection. Thirdly, it should optimize the agricultural technology. Fourthly, it should improve the utilization rate of water resources scientifically. Lastly, it should integrate the scattered wells in the scale of groundwater sources zones. |
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