The Methods Research Of Attenuating Multiple Wave

In the past 20 years, with the development of the constant development and deepening of seismic exploration, computing power will continue to improve, a variety of research methods, owing to the multiple wave interference of seismic data processing has obviously hindered, making us for multiple wave interference problems become the attention of all researchers. The suppression effect of multiple waves determines the effect of data inversion results, so the method of suppressing multiple waves has become more and more important for data processing.In this paper, according to the classification and identification of multiple waves, such as multiple wave polarity, velocity spectrum, the minimum offset from the formation of the characteristics of the event. We can according to these characteristics to judge multiple wave is a kind of what kind of multiples, according to the corresponding multiple wave suppression methods are pressing to obtain the most effective results, and ultimately makes the multiple wave pressing treatment process to achieve the amount of calculation is reduced, and the data is accurate, the effect is good. But in the actual data processing, The complex geological structure and underground medium layer is weak that will lead to the actual seismic data of multiple wave form complex seismic data, making all kinds of multiple waves are superimposed on each other, mutual influence, so we should on the suppression of multiple waves are combined to product.By multiples of classification and recognition is introduced to multiple attenuation method is divided to two kinds of all which just as:first, according to multiple waves and waves of dissociated to form multiple wave pressing method: filter (direct superposition method, prediction filtering method, F-K filtering, Radon transform method); second, is based on the wave theory prediction subtraction), in the seismic data inversion or simulation and prediction of multiple waves, and then based on the original seismic data by subtracting the predicted the multiples, common based on wave theory to the suppression of multiple wave feedback iteration method, bunching filtering, inverse scattering series method. The predictive filtering deconvolution method, Radon transform method and SRME method are analyzed and studied.According to the research and analysis of predictive deconvolution filter, Radon transform method and feedback iteration method, we can have the following points:First, as the micro seismic signal characteristics, offset parameter is not easy to determine, which makes laden transform method of parameter P or Q value is uncertain, leading to bin Laden transformation cannot be applied to micro seismic data suppression of multiple waves, but for bin Laden transform, large offset seismic data can play to good effect.Second, the SRME for marine seismic data has good suppression of multiple wave effect due to SRME method based on wave theory is the predict subtraction method for seismic data of multiple wave. Unlike the Laden transform, which needs to be determined by the original seismic data, so SRME is also able to micro seismic exploration in the suppression of multiple waves also has a very good effect;Third, in the method of actual data acquisition and processing, first of all to deal with the original seismic record should are as follows:removal of direct wave and eliminate the disturbance of stochastic linear interference noise, low frequency or high frequency, then SRME method, use the effect will be better;Fourth, to ensure that the raw seismic data preserved amplitude and fidelity of the conditions, we for multiples of the kinds of complex seismic structural and stratigraphic data has not a that determines the we should be used to suppress the combined application of various methods of multiple waves, makes us better to multiple wave suppression effect.