Identification Of A Yellow Pigment Producing Fungus In Polyporaceae And Its Pigment Analysis

This paper reserchs on a kind of polypores wild fungi which contains a lot of orange red pigment. We have made seris of studies like: Systematically taxonomic identification of the fungus; extraction process optimization, structure and stability analysis, and wild turn home culture of the pigment; Influences of different light environment on its growth and pigment content in order to provide the basis for reasonable development and utilization of the pigment,and the main research results are as follows:1.Through morphological observation, the wild fungus will produce orange red pigment in mycelium phase, its colony is white villous with obvious concentric circles.And fruiting body of the wild fungus is fleshy when fresh, but it becomes suberin when turns old. The colour of its surface is orange red to nearly blood red,and having light orange to red tube on its belly. Molecular biology identification uses ITS sequence analysis method by constructing a phylogenetic tree founds out the wild fungus and strain Pycnoporus sanguineus gathered on the same branch. The similarity between these two strains reached 99%. We finally identified the wild fungus to class Basidiomycetes, family Polyporaceae, genus Pycnoporus,Pycnoporus sanguineus, and named it Pycnoporus sanguineus ZXJ.ZCC. The strain and Pycnoporus sanguineus has obvious difference in size and shape of its tube.2.This experiment studied the influence of extraction temperature, ethanol concentration, extraction time on pigment extraction yield of Pycnoporus sanguineus ZXJ.ZCC fruit body. According to single factor tests and orthogonal test, the best technological condition for extraction of pigment from Pycnoporus sanguineus ZXJ.ZCC is: extraction temperature 75℃, 70% ethanol concentration, extracting time 40 min. And the pigment content is 4.35 mg/g.3.By uv scanning, high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and mass spectrometr analyzing, component of the pigment extracted from Pycnoporus sanguineus ZXJ.ZCC processed by 70% ethanol is a water-soluble carotenoid,whose relative molecular weight is 524.5, formula for C36H44O3 contains twoaromatic rings and three hydroxyl, which has the same structure with the known compound CordyxanthinsⅠ.4.Pigment stability study of Pycnoporus sanguineus ZXJ.ZCC shows thermal stability of the pigment which remained stable under the high temperature of 75 ℃;The pigment showed relative good stability between p H5 to p H11, but absorbance significantly reduced and stability weakened at p H1, p H3,and p H13; The stability is good under the environment of hydrogen peroxide; The stability decreases when the concentration is 0.4 to 1 mol/L, and under the environment of vitamin C,; The stability decreases,when the concentration is 0.6 to 1 mol/L and under the environment of sodium bisulfate,;Al3+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Zn2+ and Mg2+ has certain protective effect on the pigment, While Gu2+ has obvious damage, and Ca2+ has no significant effect on the pigment.5.Through wild turn home cultivation experiment, we successfully harvest Pycnoporus sanguineus ZXJ.ZCC fruiting body for the first time but low yieding only 8.36 g /bag on average. Experiment of the influence of different light environment on growth of Pycnoporus sanguineus ZXJ.ZCC fruiting body and its pigment content showed that: An average yield of white light 8.31g/bag, red light8.07g/bag, blue light 7.63g/bag, and natural light 9.42g/bag respectively; The color of fruit body from dark to light is white light, red light, blue light, and natural light;The pigment content from high to low is white light 12.74mg/g, red light 11.44mg/g,blue light 10.08mg/g, and natural light 5.40mg/g in order, and the highest congtent(white light) is 2.36 times of the lowest(nature light).