The Research To The Influential Factors Of The Surface Temperature In Antaibao Opencast Coal Mine

The large-scale development and utilization of coal, not only brought huge economic and social benefits to mankind, but also destroyed the original vegetation and landform, so the mining area of vegetation restoration and landform reshaping became necessary behavior for land reclamation. Mining activities had changed the microclimate environment, and made the land surface temperature rise. Land reclamation improves the mining climate through topography and vegetation restoration.Study the useful factors of mining area land surface temperature has a great significance to understand the mining area ecological environment evolution which generated by topography and vegetation restoration.Based on four dumps in Antaibao, study the effect of displacement process and vegetation restorationon the land surface temperature. The displacement process includes elevation, gradient, slope direction and the coal gangue abandoned process.Vegetation restoration includes vegetation configuration mode, reclamation years and NDVI, and vegetation configuration mode includes arbor-shrub-grass, arbor- grass,shrub-grass, grassland and cultivated field. Landsat image, worldview-2 image and field survey sample are used in this study. Single channel universal algorithm is used to obtain the land surface temperature; Spatial analysis, variation function model and the literature method are used to get terrain factors, temperature differentiation characteristics and coal gangue abandoned process; Supervised classification, band math algorithm, the literature method are used to get vegetation reclamation mode,reclamation years and NDVI; Statistical analysis and SPSS regression analysis are used to analyze the relationship among vegetation restoration, landform reshaping and the land surface temperature. The major results indicate that:(1) The coal gangue abandoned process has effect on the stability of the temperature regulating function of reclamation land, the gradient and slope direction has influence on the temperature differential status.Through analyzing the relationship between the terrain factors andthe land surface temperature, we can know that the land surface temperature and the elevation has a little relationship; On the whole scale,the gradient has a relative significant influence on the land surface temperature, the land surface temperature in the sunny slope is higher than the shade slope; On the single scale, the gradient has a little significant influence on the land surface temperature, the slope aspect has a relative significant influence on the land surface temperature in south dump, west dump and internal dump, and a little significant influence in the expansion of west dump.(2) Through the high temperature point buffering analysis in 1987, 1996, 2001,2005 and 2010, we can know that the affected area of high temperature point range is its radius of 300 meters. The 0-90 meters interval is the high affected area, the 90-180 meters interval is the moderate affected area, and the 180-300 meters interval is the low affected area. Through comparing the ranges of south dump and west dump in1987, 1996, 2001, 2005, 2010 and 2013, we can get that the coal gangue spontaneous has significant impact on south dump about the land surface temperature differentiation, and it lasts a long time, until to 2005 the south dump achieved a stable state.(3) Vegetation reclamation would show a cooling effect after 2-4 years later. The west dump showed this phenomenon after 2 years later, the internal dump appeared after 3 years later, the expansion of west dump appeared after 4 years later. In 2013,the land surface temperature in the 5 vegetation configuration modes shows that:arbor-shrub-grass<shrub-grass<arbor-grass< cultivated field< grassland land;Through the SPSS linear regression we can know that, the vegetation conditions have obvious influence on the land surface temperature when the vegetation reclamation is finished.