Research On Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway Of Cynomorium Inflorescence At Different Developmental Stages Based On Transcriptome Analysis

Cynomorium(Cynomorium songaricum) is herbal medicinal plant that mainly grown in Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and other desert regions. Its root parasitize on the roots of Nitraria which belong to Zygophyllaceae, and Cynomorium is warm-natured, sweet flavour, with the fuctions of tonifying Yang, strengthen digestion. Cynomorium’s main chemical components include terpenoids, flavonoids, lignin, alkaloids and other compounds. Anthocyanins is the most important basic color material of the inflorescence, with the medicinal activity of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer etc. Reaserch focus on Cynomorium inflorescence transcriptome reveals anthocyanin synthesis pathway, starts new studies for Cynomorium in molecular level, provides a theoretical basis for Mongolian medicine which utilizesstem and inflorescences of Cynomorium and determine the best harvest time of Cynomorium.In this study, a new generation of high-throughput sequencing technology platform Illumina Hiseq2000 is used to do transcriptome sequencing for Cynomorium inflorescence in three developmental stages (Cy-1, Cy-2 and Cy-3), and to analysis the differential expression of genes associate with cyanine prostaglandin synthesis pathway in Cynomorium inflorescence at different developmental stages. The results in this study can inrich the mechanism of anthocyanins synthesis pathway regulated by the relevent genes, This research provided a basic reference background for gene cloning, molecular maeker selecting as well as genetic improvement breeding in Cynomorium. The main results are as follows:1. We obtain clean reads from transcriptome sequencing of Cynomorium inflorescence in three developmental stages (Cy-1, Cy-2 and Cy-3),51,670,722 、 52,665,054 and 54,656,940 respectively, and then figure out the single gene cluster (Unigenes) of length distribution in 500-2000 bp followed by 22045 (32.91%)、 17902(36.77%) and 20317(23.1%). That enrich the Cynomorium inflorescence transcriptome information data.2. Making functional annotation for the assembled 106626 single-gene clusters (Unigenes). The Unigenes number annotated in NR, NT, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, COG, GO libraries are 59547,46362,32466,33609,21040,39939 respectively, and the total Unigenes annotated number is 61959.3.We can figure out 8395、21478 and 17258 Unigenes respectively with differentiation from a contrast of Cynomorium inflorescence at different developmental stages (Cy-1 vs Cy-2, Cy-1 vs Cy-3 and Cy-2 vs Cy-3). The up regulation of Unigenes in Cy-1, Cy-2 and Cy-3 increase gradually, but the down regulation of Unigenes increase first (from Cy-1 to Cy-2), then reduce (from Cy-2 to Cy-3). Differenciated Unigenes from GO functional classification and enrichment of the gene difference analysis involved in the metabolic, and the differenciated Unigenes from KEGG enrichment further demonstrate that the majority of differenciated Unigenes involved in biological pathways.4.We can identify 21 Unigenes from the differenciated expression Unigenes, and verified as CHS, CHI, DFR, LDOX(ANS), UFGT. Finally, the results suggest that these 21 Unigenes probably play key roles in anthocyanin synthesis pathway at different developmental stages of Cynomorium inflorescence.