| Changbai Mountain natural mineral spring water is rarely high-quality mineral spring water at home and abroad, which is one of the world’s three major high-quality mineral spring water and the core of the mineral spring water industry development in our province brand resources. For better protecting and developing and utilizing of Changbai Mountain water resources, to follow the rules of natural ecology and determine the mineral water resource development scale in science. We want to achieve orderly development degree and industry development to achieve green development purposes. This is the purpose of writing this article. The main contents are as follows:1. This article main research scope including Jingyu, Fusong and Antu county area south of the Songhua river. Research area is 18916 km2. The above three county mineral water allows the production of 216119.8 m3/d, accounting for 77.92% of the Changbai mountain area allowable production. Recent design capacity is 1023.42 × 104m3/a, which accounts for 93.26% of design capacity. Long-term planning mining scale is 5000 x 104m3/a, which accounts for 71.43% of the total planning mining scale. So the scope of this paper is representative.2. Study area from southeast(Tianchi) to the north(Fusong town, Jingyu town, Songjiang town), the terrain from high to low, landform from volcanic cone to the lava plateau and the river valley plains; Annual precipitation reduced gradually, annual evaporation increased gradually, soil respectively the alpine tundra soil, forest meadow soil, subalpine gray soil, mountain brown coniferous forest soil. Vegetation followed by alpine tundra, Yuehualin, boreal forest and Korean pine broad-leaved forest belt. Changbai Mountain is the source of the Songhua river, Tumen river and the Yalu river. The first and second Songhua rivers are the main river, whose seasonal variation is dynamic significant.3. The study area is located in the end of northeast sino-korean plate. Its intracontinental east-west structure with north east to superimposed transformation region and is also front of the modern western Pacific plate subduction zone. Cenozoic volcanic activity has five cycle, the whole covered by massive basalt. In the area of west and north of exposed early Precambrian metamorphic crystalline basement and sinian period, Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary formation, occurrence have loose rock pore water, clastic rock pore fissure water, bedrock fissure water and carbonate fissure cavern water, basalt fissure water hole. Mineral water are mainly distributed in basalt hole, Karst cave and fissure carbonate rocks.4. Changbai Mountain’s eruption products basalt volcanic clastic rock layer, which is good aquifer of network fault zone for mineral water, isotopic information reflects the infiltration of mineral water from precipitation runoff supply. Mineral water runoff is slowly. Abundant rainfall and intact forest environment, making the rich CO2 and O2soil water infiltration recharge of groundwater. Leached formation of silicon aluminate weathering and chemical composition of the aqueous medium, migration and enrichment of continuously in the long process of runoff, which formed the distribution of calcium magnesium carbonate or sodium metasilicate mineral water,which constantly in the process of long runoff, migration, enrichment and formed distribution of heavy calcium carbonate and magnesium or sodium metasilicate mineral water. In addition, in the local area of carbonate rock and tectonic development. They also have carbon dioxide gas,strontium, lithium, and high mineralization type of rare mineral water.5. The gulch is criss-cross and have abundant overland flow in this area. Groundwater has become an important part of the runoff. The change of the river water flow process, is actually the process of groundwater recharge. The flow change process in river’s dry season is the process of groundwater recharge actually. On this basis, we used the theory of groundwater movement and water balance and conservation of mass, established the lumped parameter model of groundwater flow. We simulated the section head of groundwater runoff process of Songhua river through the date of Gaolichengzi station. Estimates of groundwater runoff is consistent with the actual situation, to provide a new evaluation method that is the evaluation of groundwater resources in the mountain areas.6. According to the principle of groundwater runoff is the basic flow of rivers dry season,using the data of river hydrometric station with the methods of mathematical statistics, regression analysis, frequency analysis to estimate the groundwater resources, water resources. We calculated the ecological base flow of dry and rain season by the methods of Montana, reliability, 7Q10 and wetted perimeter method. Estimate the result is: the regional groundwater resource is 11.24 ×108 m3/a, among them: Fusong 5.08 ×108 m3/a, Antu county 5.82 ×108 m3/a, Jingyu county0.34 × 108 m3/a. The regional water resources quantity is 52.84 × 108 m3/a, the surface water resource is 41.58 × 108 m3/a.7. The survey shows that in the total amount of mineral water resources is 416246 m3/d. The mineral water had researched is 212364 m3/d; Allowed exploration of mineral water is 281751m3/d(including repeat quantity is 77869 m3 / d). It can fully meet the long-term(2020-2030) built completely Changbai mountain natural mineral water industry base and meet the additional production capacity of mineral water with 20-40 million t/a to reach the whole scale of mineral water capacity(40-70 million t/a) target. For protecting the ecological, we put forward the control measures of the ecological base flow, which are limiting mining in the dry season and filling less water in rain season.8. According to mineral types in this area, we design the depression spring pool etc, whichwill provide a scientific basis for rational development of mineral water. |
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