Design Of Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics System For Intra-cavity Multi-atoms

Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) is to study the interaction between atoms and field. The deterministic long-time control and trap of one or more than one atoms in a micro-optical-cavity by magneto optical trap (MOT) and optical dipole trap is a challenge and it is crucial problem in cavity QED. Different from the behaviors in free space, quantum effects caused by the interaction between atoms and optical-cavity appear. In order to increase the coupling between single atom and cavity, small cavity with high finesse of about a few hundreds of thousands are usually used. Single atom interacting with single mode of cavity can be used not only to demonstrate many basic quantum phenomena, but also to realize quantum measurement, quantum state preparation, such as the controlled single photon resource generation by single atoms. This single photon source can be used in quantum information science. Controlling multiple atoms in an optical cavity is very important for quantum simulation and quantum network technology, the realization of multi-atom-cavity systems and maintaining the strong coupling is even more difficult since the increase of cavity mode volume would reduce the coupling strength.The main work of this thesis focus on the construction of a new cavity QED system with long-time atom trap, easy detection and imaging and easy accessibility of single or multiple intra-cavity atoms. The main works I have finished and participated in are as follows:(1) Setting up the dipole trap and detection imaging system for trapping single atoms in microcavity. In order to increase the average duration of atom inside cavity, we built the magic wavelength dipole trap at γ= 933.9nm along the cavity axis, and another far off resonance trap at γ=106nm and the detection imaging system. The system can increase the probability of capture atoms and extend the capture time of single atom in cavity.(2) We design a strongly coupled cavity QED system, which includes vacuum chamber, cavity support system, the lasers system of MOT, dipole trap and detection imaging system of single atoms, optical lattice system for multi-atoms trap, etc. The key parameters of the system are (g0,κ,γ)≈2π×(1.48,0.375,2.61) MHz with the finesse of about 57000 and optical length of 3.5 mm. The system allows realizing the MOT directly in the cavity. A dipole trap and imaging system make the capture and imaging of single atom in the cavity reality; Building the optical lattice inside the cavity provides the possibility of trapping multiple atoms in the cavity. The new system will help us overcome some difficulties in atom transfer, manipulation inside the cavity.