| The period of January 2013- February 2013 and August 2013- July 2014, the author worked in Hainan Bawangling National Nature Reserve to research how the Nomascus hainanus capture prey and act. The research information focuses on the plant in Group C, including the species, quantity and distribution. Besides, the data of available resources and main item are adopted to monitor their tracks. What’s more, the author has disposal related data from September 2002 to December 2012. The study results are as follows.(1)The plant species that Nomascus hainanus has ingested are 132. 130 are characterized and they are 51 families and 83 genera. Specifically, the ratio of arbors is 81.06%(107 species), the vines are 15.91%(21species) and the herbs are 3.03%(4 species). From the research data it can be concluded that Nomascus hainanus diets mainly consist of arbors and vines, and the ratio of them summed up to 84.44%. It is noteworthy that they do not ingest unripe fruit. They also dislike ingest the tender leaves and flowers, the ratio are 11.85%(16 species) and 3.71%(4 species). Importantly, the tender leaves are mostly arbors(6.67%) and the flowers are mainly from herbs(2.23%). Endospermum chinense、 Schefflera octophylla and Antidesma montanum are both eaten fruit and leaves. In addition, Nomascus hainanus also ingest animal-based food, such as bird, bird eggs, spider, termite and the mumia of Lepidoptera, etc.(2)The record of plant food in Group C is 64 species, and they belong to 33 families and 49 genera. Specifically, the arbors are 52 species, the lianas are11 species and the herbs are 1 species. Fructification plants(including Ficus) are 84.85%(non ficus linn is 72.73% and ficus carica linn is 12.12%); tender leaves is 13.64%(arbors leaves is 6.06%, lianas leaves is 6.06% and herbs leaves is 1.51%); flowers is 1.51%. Thus Nomascus hainanus exhibits distinct selectivity in ingesting foods.(3)By analyzing the age structure of arbor, it can be concluded that the majority of arbors have growing age structures. These plants are Ficus virgata, Ficus tinctoria, Ficus esquiroliana, Gironniera subaequalis,Nephelium topengii,Endospermum chinense, Elaeocarpus sylvestris, Microcos paniculata, Polyalthia laui, Acmena acuminatissima, Ficus variegate, Garcinia multiflora, Garcinia oblongifolia, Dillenia turbinate, Canarium album. Choerospondias axillaria and Artocarpus styracifoliius are stationary age structures. However, Pouteria hainanenseis senescence age structure. All of them illustrates Nomascus hainanus in Group C mainly ingest new individuality.(4)The fruit set rate of Polyalthia laui is the highest, reached 76.67%. Then Ficus altissima(75%), Ficus tinctoria(73.91%), Ficus virgata(71.14%), Ficus glaberrima(66.67%), Spondias lakonensis(63.64%), Microcos paniculata(62.67%), Psychotria rubra(62.50%), Ficus variegate(58.33%), Pouteria hainanenseis(58.33%), Nephelium topengii(57.75%), Litsea baviensis(50%), Syzygium hainanense(50%), Elaeocarpus apiculatus(50%), Bridelia insulana(50%). So there are 15 species ofthe fruit set rate is more than 50%, the ratio is 24.19% in Group C. The lowest is Schefflers diversifoliolata with 9.57%. From what have been discussed above, it is concluded that the fruit set rate is concerned with tree height and diameter at breast height, not the altitude. What’s more, moisture, temperature and irradiance have no influence on the fruit set rate. |
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