Analysis Of The Physical Characteristics And Population Genetics Phenotypic Characteristics Of Tunpu

In recent years, research on physical characteristics of Han are increasing. Tunpu people in Anshun of Guizhou Province is the offspring of the soldiers who go to Yunnan for fight in early Ming Dynasty. As a special branch of the Han nationality, Tunpu people occupies a important position in the history of migration of Han. But the research data about human biology of Tunpu are lack. In order to study the physical characteristics and population genetics of phenotypic characteristics of Tunpu,507 cases (251males and 256 females) of Tunpu adult 87 physical characteristics indicators and 359 cases(145 male and 214 female) of Tunpu student 25 population genetics of phenotypic characteristics indicators were surveyed in Guizhou province,Anshun city,Ping Ba county,Seven eyes town and Denon town in September of 2012.The research results are as follows:(1)The types of somatoscopy of Tunpu with a higher rate including:eyefold of the upper eyelid, narrow opening height of eyeslits, no mongoloid fold, higher external angles, zygomatic projection projecting, narrow breadth of alae nasi, medium size in upper lip skin height, medium size in nasal root height, thickness of lips is thin, medium size in height of alae nasi,straight nasal profile, transverse maximal diameter of nostrils, level nasal base, round ear lobe, black hair, brown eye,yellow skin. (2)Tunpu person are mainly in mesorrhiny, acrocephalic(breadth-height index of head), euryprosopy, medium shoulder, hypsicephalic(length-height index of head), long trunk, broad distance between iliac crests,submiddle. (3)With the increase of age,circumference values of Tunpu appear some change, the female change more obviously. Except waist circumference, abdominal circumference, hip circumference, the value of female girth of thigh is higher than male, other 9 indexes of male are higher. Characteristics of Tunpu circumference is close to the Jiangxi and Guangdong hakka. (4)In addition to facial skinfold of female, other indexes have no correlation with age related. Except facial skinfold of female and suprailiac skinfold both male and female, other indexes have no significant differences in age groups.The skinfold thickness and body fat rate of female compared to the same period higher than male.The Skinfold development situation of Tunpu is close to Han of Sichan and Shandong. (5)Tunpu male is belong to Endomorphic Mesomorph, while female is Mesomorphic Endomorph. With age increasing body more and more filling, the degree of male is inferior to female. Somatotypes of Tunpu is close to Han of Zhejiang. (6)Among 25 population genetics of phenotypic characteristics of Tunpu, the occurence rate of tongue twisting, eyefold of the upper eyelid, narrow nostril type, convex chin type, curly hair form and long nail type of female is higher; shovel-shaped front tooth type of male is higher; other indexes of male is close to female. Tongue twisting and tongue folding/tongue rolling,clover-leaf tongue and tongue rolling, hand clasping and handedness/arm folding/leg folding, stride type and handedness/leg folding/foot preference, handedness and foot preference, nostril type and nasal profile, shovel-shaped front tooth type and forehead hair point/nostril type, plantar digital type and Nail type of 14 pairs of indexes related. (7) Affected by genetic, environmental, diet and other factors, the physical characteristics and population genetics of phenotypic characteristics of Tunpu is similar to other area Han nationality,but is closer to the South. While also have part of the characteristics of southern minority. Compared with the ancestors Han of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, they are have the overall similarity, but also showed some differences.