Studies On Flagellates From The Wetlands In Great Xing’an Mountains, China

Flagellate algae, a morphological concept, unicellular and colonial algae. They have flagellate organization of the body. These are microscopic, free living organisms, exhibiting almost all the diversity of the forms existing among protists. Including 6 divisions and 8 classes, they are:Chrysophyta (Chrysophyceae, Synurophyceae), Xanthophyta (Raphidophyceae), Crptophyta (Cryptophyceae), Dinophyta (Dinophyceae), Euglenophyta (Euglenophyceae), Chlorophyta (Prasinophyceae, Chlorophyceae (Volvocales)), which are the important part of the phytoplankton.Wetlands is an important component of the natural ecology system with a complex chemical-physic characters of the water, there are lots of endemic species distributed in the wetlands. It is very significant for both the taxonomic and ecological research to study the algae in this area. Great Xing’an Mountains located in the northeast of China. This area is characterized by high humidity and low temperature, and has the highest latitude swamps and the widest distribution of bogs in China, but the study on the biodiversity of flagellates in this area is rare. From the year 2004 to 2013, samples were collected from this mountain. This paper study on the taxonomic characters of the flagellates distributed here mainly, in order to enrich the biodiversity of flagellates in Great Xing’an Mountains and provide a few foundation materials to the investigation of flagellates resources in China and the World.1. This study observed and photographed flagellates from the wetland in Great Xing’an Mountains.149 species,27 varieties and 4 forms were identified belong to 5 divisions 43 genera. According to the numbers of species, Euglenophyta is the most, it includes 15 genera,86 species,23 varieties and 2 forms, which accounts for 62% of the total; then follows Chrysophyta, it includes 16 genera,41 species,4 varieties and 2 forms, which accounts for 26% of the total; the next is Chlorophyta (Volvocals), it includes 6 genera,9 species; Dinophyta includes 4 genera,9 species; Cryptophyta is the least, it includes 2 genera,4 species. Simple descriptions of the morphological and ecological characters are given for each species, LM images are given for all the species, SEM and TEM images are given for some species.14 plates and 214 images are attached at the end of this paper.2. In this study,2 genera 14 species 3 varieties recorded newly in China, they are: Stipitochrysis monorhiza, Dinobryon cylindricum var. palustrem, Epipyxis utriculus var. pusilla, Epipyxis epiplanctica, Epipyxis proteus, Epipyxis deformans, Kephyrion spirale, Stokesiella minutissima, Chrysopyxis ascendens, Chrysopyxis colligera, Lagynion delicatulum, Mallomonas corcontica, Synura multidentata, Pseudodendromonas vlki, Trachelomonas pulcherrima var. minor, Trachelomonas horrid and Calycimonas physaloides. Including 2 genera recorded newly in China, they are:Stipitochrysis and Pseudodendromonas.3. Ecological characteristics of flagellates from different sites and habitats in Great Xing’an Mountains was studied preliminarily.1) There are various kinds of flagellates, they have their own tolerance of pH, among the flagellates in Great Xing’an Mountains, the neutral species has the most numbers.2) Flagellates were distributed in lake shore, swamps, puddles mainly, among them swamps have the most abundant species,135 taxa were observed; rivers have the least species, only 1 taxa was observed.