Identification And Description Of Shattered Fault Zones Using Seismic Technique

With the gain momentum of petroleum exploration and development, the explorationtargets have turned to the fault block reservoirs which belong to the subtle reservoirs. Thedistribution and pattern of the shattered fault zones and low level faults take a more and moreeffort in fault block reservoir identification and description. It is hard to do the seismicidentification and description of the shattered fault zones and low level faults, due to theircomplex structure and small scales. Therefore, it has very important theoretical significanceand practical value for systematically researching the identification and descriptiontechnology of the shattered fault zones and low level faults.This paper introduces the research status of the shattered fault zones and low level faultsin detail, through researching literatures at home and abroad. In consideration of thecharacteristics of the shattered fault zones and low level faults, I select some methods to dodetail research, these methods are seismic attribute analysis technology, RGB attribute fusiondisplay technology and ant colony algorithm. I also propose a new method of seismicattributes extraction based on the rotating rhombus, and detailed introduce its principle andapplication.Seismic attribute analysis is a mature, effective and important technology of seismicinterpretation technologies. There are many different kinds of seismic attributes, and theapplication of seismic attributes is very wide. We can use them for reservoir prediction andfault description, and so on. According to the characteristics and applications of the attributes,this article selects the three instantaneous attributes and curvature attribute to identify anddescribe the shattered fault zones and low level faults. RGB display technology of attributefusion can greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of seismic interpretation. And we usethis technology identifying and describing the fault, the result is really good. Ant colony algorithm is a relatively new algorithm arisen in recent years. The ant colonyalgorithm has good robustness and combination, and its application field is very broad. In thispaper we introduce two methods in detail, one is ant colony algorithm that based on the grayvalue differences, and the other is ant colony algorithm that based on the local extremum. Thetwo methods both can be used to the identification and description of fault. Then applyingthese two methods to the identification and description of the actual fault of seismic data, andthe results prove that ant colony algorithm can effectively identify and descript the fault.In the last chapter, the new method of seismic attributes extraction based on the rotatingrhombus is carried out. The method finds the direction and range of geologic body mainly bythe directivity of rotating rhombus. Firstly, we need choose the right size of the rhombus’sdiagonal. Secondly, we rotate the rhombus around360degrees in the origin, and record anattribute every angle. Then, a maximum or minimum attribute optimally reflects theanisotropic characteristics of geological body. We can better identify the fault anddiscriminate the fault fracture zone by using this method.