Climate Change Impact On Land Cover And Animal

Based on Cangshan mountain reserve as the research object and with thesupport of3s technology， we use ARCGIS10and IMAGINE9.1as operatingplatform.Through the Cangshan mountain nature reserve in1974,1977,1989,1995,2000,2006,2006,2013tm images and the topographic map in1962, we do somepretreatment such as geometric correction, histogram matching, border cutting imagefusion and so on. Combining with the collection of visual interpretation and the fieldsamples, we classification was carried out on the image. And through the DEM figure,we also can use its altitude range to extract the data of study area as a whole and theparts. After investigating of changes of framed land cover and vegetation coverage ofdifferent years, the changes of timberline of1989and2009in Zhonghe mountainpeaks and flower dam region. and the investigating on47villages near Cangshanmountain，we obtain1369animal data. Through analyzing，we find out the changesof Cangshan animals range in50years.The research shows that Cangshan mountain cover types have obviously changedin the past30years, but the main land type is still a forestland, and the total area is onthe rise. Furthermore, woodland types have also some changes, such as warmconiferous forest and broad-leaved forest area have increased, cold sex coniferousforest area in reducing. Other land cover types such as scrub and grassland area havealso accordingly changes, increasing area of bushwood，grassland area is on decliningtrend. Meanwhile, with the changes of the era the features of vegetation cover has thetendency of growth, but the growth rate have different in each elevation period. Hence,vegetation coverage is on the rise, except that the tourist area which vegetationcoverage has decreased in Dali town. We know that reason the land cover change arenatural factors and human factors. Rainfall has little changed in the study area. SoClimate change is the dominant factors influencing the changes in vegetation. Butinfluence of natural factors is less than the influence of artificial factors.Timberline of the Zhonghe mountain peaks is the boundary between Alpine scruband Cold warm coniferous forest, Timberline area ranges from3000to3900m, compared with1989，49.19%of the line in2009is on rise，14.68%is on decliningtrend， and36.13%remains the unchanged. Furthermore, timberline averagevegetation NDVI changes obviously:2009a>1989a>1974a, Then, the area ofincreased significantly in the forest area line rise. The location is no humaninterference factors. So we can suggest that climate change has an impact oftimberline. Flower dam ranch’s timberline is the boundary between the forest andgrass. We compared the data in2009and1989found that timberline has manychanged. For example, the line has a tendency to move upward, grassland areadecreased, and the core of the grassland area appeared serious fragmentation. Becausein the case of climate change, the area of seasonal drought occurred frequently,coupled with the human deforestation, overgrazing, make the dam area of naturalecological damage is serious.In order to analyze the features of animal activity in Cangshan mountain，westudy of framed the whole animal，especially eastern slope and western slope animals.The research show that animal range have changed in the last50years, namely animalactivity has a tendency to migrate to low altitude above sea level, in addition to themore developed tourism Dali town no animals activity records. Then, animal dynamicchange and the vegetation coverage change have certain relevance, from the point oftemporal and spatial scales. We know that animals of this kind of behaviorcharacteristic changes have not directly affected by the temperature rises, but it’sbecause of the impact of climate change on vegetation distribution also indirectlyaffect the activities of the animal behavior. Meanwhile, it also influenced by artificialfactors. For example, the tourist area biodiversity decrease. In addition, it alsosuggests that the human protection has played a very important role for animal to lowaltitude migration on biodiversity.In summary, we have identified Cangshan mountain nature reserve of the changeabout land cover and animal behavior mainly by the influence of climate factors andhuman factors, and human factors play a double effect. In recent years, the artificialfactors that play the positive effects of gradually the advantage. The work ofCangshan mountain has a certain effect, but can’t slack, it is still need to constantlyimprove.